A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to increase physical activity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities

McGarty, A.M. , Downs, S.J., Melville, C.A. and Harris, L. (2018) A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to increase physical activity in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 62(4), pp. 312-329. (doi: 10.1111/jir.12467) (PMID:29277930)

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Abstract

Background: Increasing physical activity (PA) through intervention can promote physical and mental health benefits in children and adolescents. However, children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) have consistently been shown to engage in low levels of PA, which are insufficient for long-term health. Despite this, little is known about the effectiveness of interventions to increase PA in children and adolescents with ID. The aims of this study were therefore to systematically review how effective interventions are at increasing PA levels in children and adolescents with ID and to further examine what components have been used in these interventions. Method: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Education Resources Information Center, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsychINFO, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number trials registry was conducted (up to July 2016). Articles were included if they met the following eligibility criteria: children and adolescents (<18 years) with ID, measurement of PA at baseline and post-intervention and intervention studies. Effect sizes were calculated as standardised mean difference (d) and meta-analysis calculated between intervention and no treatment control intervention. Results: Five studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Study design, methodological quality and intervention components were varied. Interventions did not support sufficient changes in PA to improve health. The meta-analysis demonstrated that intervention groups were not more effective at increasing PA levels post-intervention (d: 2.20; 95% CI −0.57 to 0.97) compared with control. However, due to a decrease in PA in the control intervention, a moderate significant effect was demonstrated at follow-up (d: 0.49; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.84). Conclusions: There is a lack of studies which aim to increase PA levels in children and adolescents with ID, with current interventions ineffective. Future studies are required before accurate recommendations for appropriate intervention design and components can be made.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Harris, Dr Leanne and Melville, Professor Craig and Mcgarty, Dr Arlene
Authors: McGarty, A.M., Downs, S.J., Melville, C.A., and Harris, L.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Journal Name:Journal of Intellectual Disability Research
Publisher:Wiley
ISSN:0964-2633
ISSN (Online):1365-2788
Published Online:26 December 2017
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2017 MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and John Wiley and Sons Ltd
First Published:First published in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 64(2): 312-329
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

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