Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2 metabolizes endogenous methylarginines, regulates NO, and controls blood pressure

Caplin, B., Wang, Z., Slaviero, A., Tomlinson, J., Dowsett, L. , Delahaye, M., Salama, A., Wheeler, D. C. and Leiper, J. (2012) Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2 metabolizes endogenous methylarginines, regulates NO, and controls blood pressure. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 32(12), pp. 2892-2900. (doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.254078) (PMID:23023372)

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Abstract

Objective—Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthesis that may mediate cardiovascular disease. Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2 (AGXT2) has been proposed to degrade asymmetric dimethylarginine. We investigated the significance of AGXT2 in methylarginine metabolism in vivo and examined the effect of this enzyme on blood pressure. Methods and Results—In isolated mouse kidney mitochondria, we show asymmetric dimethylarginine deamination under physiological conditions. We demonstrate increased asymmetric dimethylarginine, reduced NO, and hypertension in an AGXT2 knockout mouse. We provide evidence for a role of AGXT2 in methylarginine metabolism in humans by demonstrating an inverse relationship between renal (allograft) gene expression and circulating substrate levels and an association between expression and urinary concentrations of the product. Finally, we examined data from a meta-analysis of blood pressure genome-wide association studies. No genome-wide significance was observed, but taking a hypothesis-driven approach, there was a suggestive association between the T allele at rs37369 (which causes a valine-isoleucine substitution and altered levels of AGXT2 substrate) and a modest increase in diastolic blood pressure (P=0.0052). Conclusion—Although the effect of variation at rs37369 needs further study, these findings suggest that AGXT2 is an important regulator of methylarginines and represents a novel mechanism through which the kidney regulates blood pressure.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Dowsett, Dr Laura and Leiper, Professor James
Authors: Caplin, B., Wang, Z., Slaviero, A., Tomlinson, J., Dowsett, L., Delahaye, M., Salama, A., Wheeler, D. C., and Leiper, J.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Publisher:American Heart Association
ISSN:1079-5642
ISSN (Online):1524-4636
Published Online:14 November 2012

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