Nodes, paranodes and neuropathies

Fehmi, J., Scherer, S. S., Willison, H. J. and Rinaldi, S. (2018) Nodes, paranodes and neuropathies. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 89(1), pp. 61-71. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-315480) (PMID:28819062)

[img]
Preview
Text
146856.pdf - Accepted Version

1MB

Abstract

This review summarises recent evidence supporting the involvement of the specialised nodal and perinodal domains (the paranode and juxtaparanode) of myelinated axons in the pathology of acquired, inflammatory, peripheral neuropathies.The identification of new target antigens in the inflammatory neuropathies heralds a revolution in diagnosis, and has already begun to inform increasingly targeted and individualised therapies. Rapid progress in our basic understanding of the highly specialised nodal regions of peripheral nerves serves to strengthen the links between their unique microstructural identities, functions and pathologies. In this context, the detection of autoantibodies directed against nodal and perinodal targets is likely to be of increasing clinical importance. Antiganglioside antibodies have long been used in clinical practice as diagnostic serum biomarkers, and associate with specific clinical variants but not to the common forms of either acute or chronic demyelinating autoimmune neuropathy. It is now apparent that antibodies directed against several region-specific cell adhesion molecules, including neurofascin, contactin and contactin-associated protein, can be linked to phenotypically distinct peripheral neuropathies. Importantly, the immunological characteristics of these antibodies facilitate the prediction of treatment responsiveness.

Item Type:Articles
Keywords:Node, inflammatory neuropathy, juxtaparanode, paranode.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Willison, Professor Hugh
Authors: Fehmi, J., Scherer, S. S., Willison, H. J., and Rinaldi, S.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
Journal Name:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry
Publisher:BMJ Publishing Group
ISSN:0022-3050
ISSN (Online):1468-330X
Published Online:17 August 2017
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2017 The Authors
First Published:First published in Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 89(1): 61-71
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher

University Staff: Request a correction | Enlighten Editors: Update this record