Heerman van Voss, M. R. et al. (2017) Nuclear DDX3 expression predicts poor outcome in colorectal and breast cancer. OncoTargets and Therapy, 10, pp. 3501-3513. (doi: 10.2147/OTT.S140639) (PMID:28761359) (PMCID:PMC5522823)
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Abstract
Purpose: DEAD box protein 3 (DDX3) is an RNA helicase with oncogenic properties that shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus. The majority of DDX3 is found in the cytoplasm, but a subset of tumors has distinct nuclear DDX3 localization of yet unknown biological significance. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of and mechanisms behind nuclear DDX3 expression in colorectal and breast cancer. Methods: Expression of nuclear DDX3 and the nuclear exporter chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 304 colorectal and 292 breast cancer patient samples. Correlations between the subcellular localization of DDX3 and CRM1 and the difference in overall survival between patients with and without nuclear DDX3 were studied. In addition, DDX3 mutants were created for in vitro evaluation of the mechanism behind nuclear retention of DDX3. Results: DDX3 was present in the nucleus of 35% of colorectal and 48% of breast cancer patient samples and was particularly strong in the nucleolus. Nuclear DDX3 correlated with worse overall survival in both colorectal (hazard ratio [HR] 2.34, P<0.001) and breast cancer (HR 2.39, P=0.004) patients. Colorectal cancers with nuclear DDX3 expression more often had cytoplasmic expression of the nuclear exporter CRM1 (relative risk 1.67, P=0.04). In vitro analysis of DDX3 deletion mutants demonstrated that CRM1-mediated export was most dependent on the N-terminal nuclear export signal. Conclusion: Overall, we conclude that nuclear DDX3 is partially CRM1-mediated and predicts worse survival in colorectal and breast cancer patients, putting it forward as a target for therapeutic intervention with DDX3 inhibitors under development in these cancer types.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Patel, Professor Arvind |
| Authors: | Heerman van Voss, M. R., Vesuna, F., Bol, G. M., Meeldijk, J., Raman, A., Offerhaus, G. J., Buerger, H., Patel, A. H., van der Wall, E., van Diest, P. J., and Raman, V. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | OncoTargets and Therapy |
| Publisher: | Dove Medical Press |
| ISSN: | 1178-6930 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1178-6930 |
| Published Online: | 17 July 2017 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2017 Heerma van Voss et al. |
| First Published: | First published in OncoTargets and Therapy 10:3501-3513 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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