Mechanisms of increased vascular superoxide production in human diabetes mellitus: role of NAD(P)H oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Guzik, T. J., Mussa, S., Gastaldi, D., Sadowski, J., Ratnatunga, C., Pillai, R. and Channon, K. M. (2002) Mechanisms of increased vascular superoxide production in human diabetes mellitus: role of NAD(P)H oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circulation, 105(14), pp. 1656-1662. (doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000012748.58444.08) (PMID:11940543)

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Abstract

Background— Increased superoxide production contributes to reduced vascular nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity and endothelial dysfunction in experimental models of diabetes. We characterized the sources and mechanisms underlying vascular superoxide production in human blood vessels from diabetic patients with coronary artery disease compared with nondiabetic patients. Methods and Results— Vascular superoxide production was quantified in both saphenous veins and internal mammary arteries from 45 diabetic and 45 matched nondiabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases were important sources of vascular superoxide in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, but both the activity of this enzyme system and the levels of NAD(P)H oxidase protein subunits (p22phox, p67phox, and p47phox) were significantly increased in diabetic veins and arteries. In nondiabetic vessels, endothelial NO synthase produced NO that scavenged superoxide. However, in diabetic vessels, the endothelium was an additional net source of superoxide production because of dysfunctional endothelial NO synthase that was corrected by intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin supplementation. Furthermore, increased superoxide production in diabetes was abrogated by the protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine. Conclusions— These observations suggest important roles for NAD(P)H oxidases, endothelial NO synthase uncoupling, and protein kinase C signaling in mediating increased vascular superoxide production and endothelial dysfunction in human diabetes mellitus.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Guzik, Professor Tomasz
Authors: Guzik, T. J., Mussa, S., Gastaldi, D., Sadowski, J., Ratnatunga, C., Pillai, R., and Channon, K. M.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Circulation
Publisher:American Heart Association
ISSN:0009-7322
ISSN (Online):1524-4539
Published Online:18 March 2002

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