Novel immune mechanisms in hypertension and cardiovascular risk

Nosalski, R., McGinnigle, E., Siedlinski, M. and Guzik, T. J. (2017) Novel immune mechanisms in hypertension and cardiovascular risk. Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports, 11(4), 12. (doi: 10.1007/s12170-017-0537-6)

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Abstract

Purpose of Review: Hypertension is a common disorder with substantial impact on public health due to highly elevated cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms still remain unclear and treatments are not sufficient to reduce risk in majority of patients. Inflammatory mechanisms may provide an important mechanism linking hypertension and cardiovascular risk. We aim to review newly identified immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension with focus on their potential therapeutic impact. Recent Findings: In addition to the established role of the vasculature, kidneys and central nervous system in pathogenesis of hypertension, low-grade inflammation contributes to this disorder as indicated by experimental models and GWAS studies pointing to SH2B3 immune gene as top key driver of hypertension. Immune responses in hypertension are greatly driven by neoantigens generated by oxidative stress and modulated by chemokines such as RANTES, IP-10 and microRNAs including miR-21 and miR-155 with other molecules under investigation. Cells of both innate and adoptive immune system infiltrate vasculature and kidneys, affecting their function by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species. Summary: Immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension provide a link between high blood pressure and increased cardiovascular risk, and reduction of blood pressure without attention to these underlying mechanisms is not sufficient to reduce risk.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:This study is supported by the National Science Centre of Poland grants: 2011/03/B/NZ4/02454 (T.G.), 2013/11/N/NZ4/00310 (R.N.) and 2012/07/D/NZ4/00644 (M.S.).
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Guzik, Professor Tomasz and Mcginnigle, Dr Eilidh and Nosalski, Dr Ryszard
Authors: Nosalski, R., McGinnigle, E., Siedlinski, M., and Guzik, T. J.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports
Publisher:Springer
ISSN:1932-9520
ISSN (Online):1932-9563
Published Online:06 March 2017
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2017 The Authors
First Published:First published in Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports 11(4): 12
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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