Further characterisation of computed tomographic and clinical features for staging and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in West Highland white terriers

Thierry, F., Handel, I., Hammond, G. , King, L. G., Corcoran, B. M. and Schwarz, T. (2017) Further characterisation of computed tomographic and clinical features for staging and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in West Highland white terriers. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound, 58(4), pp. 381-388. (doi: 10.1111/vru.12491)

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Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology resulting in progressive interstitial fibrosis, with a known predilection in West Highland white terriers. In humans, computed tomography (CT) is a standard method for providing diagnostic and prognostic information, and plays a major role in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis staging process. Objectives of this retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional study were to establish descriptive criteria for reporting CT findings and test correlations among CT, clinical findings and survival time in West Highland white terriers with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Inclusion criteria for affected West Highland white terriers were a diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and available CT, bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, echocardiography, and routine blood analysis findings. Clinically normal West Highland white terriers were recruited for the control group. Survival times were recorded for affected dogs. The main CT lung pattern and clinical data were blindly and separately graded as mild, moderate, or severe. Twenty-one West Highland white terriers with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 11 control West Highland white terriers were included. The severity of pulmonary CT findings was positively correlated with severity of clinical signs (ρ = 0.48, P = 0.029) and negatively associated with survival time after diagnosis (ρ = –0.56, P = 0.025). Affected dogs had higher lung attenuation (median: –563 Hounsfield Units (HU)) than control dogs (median: –761 HU), (P < 0.001). The most common CT characteristics were ground-glass pattern (16/21) considered as a mild degree of severity, and focal reticular and mosaic ground-glass patterns (10/21) considered as a moderate degree of severity. Findings supported the use of thoracic CT as a method for characterizing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in West Highland white terriers and providing prognostic information for owners.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Hammond, Dr Gawain
Authors: Thierry, F., Handel, I., Hammond, G., King, L. G., Corcoran, B. M., and Schwarz, T.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound
Publisher:Wiley
ISSN:1058-8183
ISSN (Online):1740-8261
Published Online:23 March 2017
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2017 The Authors
First Published:First published in Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound 58(4):381-388
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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