Complex systems in the history of American English

Kretzschmar, Jr., W. A. (2014) Complex systems in the history of American English. In: Taavitsainen, I., Kytö, M., Claridge, C. and Smith, J. (eds.) Developments in English : Expanding Electronic Evidence. Series: Studies in the English Language. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, pp. 251-264. ISBN 9781107038509

Abstract

Kretzschmar 2009 has demonstrated that language in use, speech as opposed to linguistic systems as usually described by linguists, satisfies the conditions for complex systems as defined in sciences such as physics, evolutionary biology, and economics. This finding has strong methodological consequences for study of the history of American English. This paper discusses implications for the initial formation of American English and its varieties, with reference to Schneider 2007, as the product of random interactions between speakers of different input varieties of English. It also considers westward expansion of American dialects, with reference to Kretzschmar 1996, as an effect of proximity, especially along settlement routes. Finally, it describes how sociolinguistic discussions of more recent change should also be understood as occurring within the different intersecting scales of complex systems of speech in America.

• Item Type: Book Sections
• Additional Information: This material has been published in Developments in English : Expanding Electronic Evidence by / edited by Taavitsainen, Kytö, Claridge and Smith. This version is free to view and download for personal use only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Kretzschmar, Professor William
• Authors: Kretzschmar, Jr., W. A.
• Subjects: P Language and Literature > PE English
• College/School: College of Arts & Humanities > School of Critical Studies > English Language and Linguistics
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• ISBN: 9781107038509
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2014 Cambridge University Press
• First Published: First published in Developments in English : Expanding Electronic Evidence: 251-264
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

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