A novel surgical approach for the reconstruction of critical-size mandibular defects using calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite cement, BMP-7 and mesenchymal stem cells-histological assessment

Alfotawi, R., Ayoub, A. , Tanner, K. E. , Dalby, M. , Busuttil Naudi, K. and McMahon, J. (2016) A novel surgical approach for the reconstruction of critical-size mandibular defects using calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite cement, BMP-7 and mesenchymal stem cells-histological assessment. Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, 6(1), pp. 1-11. (doi: 10.1166/jbt.2016.1412)

Abstract

A novel construct has been developed to induce bone formation within a pedicle muscle flap. A critical size defect (20 × 15 mm2) was created in the mandible of ten rabbits. The masseter muscle was adapted to fill the surgical defect and a combination of calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite cement (CERAMENT™ | SPINE SUPPORT), BMP-7 and rabbits' mesenchymal stromal cells (rMSCs) was injected into the muscle tissue. Bone regeneration was evaluated 3 months after surgery. Limited areas of bone formation anatomically bridged the defect, despite the new bone forming throughout the muscle and within the connective tissue surrounding the remnants of the cement. The bone was thicker in the bucco-lingual direction compared to the contra lateral (non-operated) side. Quantitative histomorphometry assessment showed that the average bone surface area was 21.2 ± 6.0 mm2, this was significantly greater than that of the contra-lateral non-operated control side. The calculated amounts of residual cement and soft tissue or spaces were 20 ± 12% and 41 ± 10%, respectively. The average mineral apposition rate (MAR) was 1.92 μm/day. The findings demonstrated the remarkable potential of the use of local muscle flaps for injectable bio-cement loaded with BMP and seeded with rMSCs to induce bone formation for the reconstruction of bony defects.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: The Editorial Committee of the Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering and the American Scientific Publishers has selected this paper for the JBT Best Paper Award for the year 2016 based on it's originality and presentability.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Ayoub, Professor Ashraf and Tanner, Professor Kathleen and Dalby, Professor Matthew and McMahon, Dr Jeremy and Busuttil Naudi, Dr Kurt
• Authors: Alfotawi, R., Ayoub, A., Tanner, K. E., Dalby, M., Busuttil Naudi, K., and McMahon, J.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Molecular Biosciences; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing > Dental School; College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering
• Journal Name: Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
• Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
• ISSN: 2157-9083
• ISSN (Online): 2157-9091
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2015 American Scientific Publishers
• First Published: First published in Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 6(1):1-11
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced with permission of publisher