Chemerin regulates crosstalk between adipocytes and vascular cells through Nox

Neves, K. B., Nguyen Dinh Cat, A., Lopes, R. A. M., Rios, F. J. , Anagnostopoulou, A., Lobato, N. S., de Oliveira, A. M., Tostes, R. C., Montezano, A. C. and Touyz, R. M. (2015) Chemerin regulates crosstalk between adipocytes and vascular cells through Nox. Hypertension, 66(3), pp. 657-666. (doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05616) (PMID:26150435)

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Abstract

Adipocytes produce adipokines, including chemerin, a chemoattractant that mediates effects through its ChemR23 receptor. Chemerin has been linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury in pathological conditions, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are elusive. Here we assessed whether chemerin through redox-sensitive signaling influences molecular processes associated with vascular growth, apoptosis, and inflammation. Human microvascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells were stimulated with chemerin (50 ng/mL). Chemerin increased generation of reactive oxygen species and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, effects that were inhibited by ML171, GKT137831 (Nox inhibitors), and N-acetylcysteine (reactive oxygen species scavenger). Chemerin increased mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators in vascular cells and increased monocyte-to-endothelial cell attachment. In human vascular smooth muscle cells, chemerin induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and stimulated proliferation (increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression [proliferation marker] and BrdU incorporation [proliferation assay]). Chemerin decreased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B activation and increased TUNEL-positive human vascular smooth muscle cells. In human microvascular endothelial cells, chemerin reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide production. Adipocyte-conditioned medium from obese/diabetic mice (db/db), which have elevated chemerin levels, increased reactive oxygen species generation in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas adipocyte-conditioned medium from control mice had no effect. Chemerin actions were blocked by CCX 832, a ChemR23 inhibitor. Our data demonstrate that chemerin, through Nox activation and redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling, exerts proapoptotic, proinflammatory, and proliferative effects in human vascular cells. These findings elucidate some molecular mechanisms through chemerin, which is increased in obesity, whereby adipocytes may influence vascular function. We identify chemerin as a novel vasoactive adipokine, which may be important in obesity-related vascular injury.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Rios, Dr Francisco and Anagnostopoulou, Dr Aikaterini and Montezano, Dr Augusto and Nguyen Dinh Cat, Dr Aurelie and Touyz, Professor Rhian
Authors: Neves, K. B., Nguyen Dinh Cat, A., Lopes, R. A. M., Rios, F. J., Anagnostopoulou, A., Lobato, N. S., de Oliveira, A. M., Tostes, R. C., Montezano, A. C., and Touyz, R. M.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
Journal Name:Hypertension
Publisher:American Heart Association
ISSN:0194-911X
ISSN (Online):1524-4563

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
607381Vascular Noxs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in hypertensionRhian TouyzBritish Heart Foundation (BHF)CH/12/4/29762RI CARDIOVASCULAR & MEDICAL SCIENCES
607382Vascular Noxs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in hypertensionRhian TouyzBritish Heart Foundation (BHF)RG/13/7/30099RI CARDIOVASCULAR & MEDICAL SCIENCES