Blomström, A.-L. et al. (2015) Transcriptome analysis reveals the host response to Schmallenberg virus in bovine cells and antagonistic effects of the NSs protein. BMC Genomics, 16, 324. (doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-1538-9) (PMID:25896169) (PMCID:PMC4404599)
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Abstract
Background: Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a member of the Orthobunyavirus genus (Bunyaviridae family) causing malformations and abortions in ruminants. Although, as for other members of this family/genus, the non-structural protein NSs has been shown to be an interferon antagonist, very little is known regarding the overall inhibitory effects and targets of orthobunyavirus NSs proteins on host gene expression during infection. Therefore, using RNA-seq this study describes changes to the transcriptome of primary bovine cells following infection with Schmallenberg virus (SBV) or with a mutant lacking the non-structural protein NSs (SBVdelNSs) providing a detailed comparison of the effect of NSs expression on the host cell. Results: The sequence reads from all samples (uninfected cells, SBV and SBVdelNSs) assembled well to the bovine host reference genome (on average 87.43% of the reads). During infection with SBVdelNSs, 649 genes were differentially expressed compared to uninfected cells (78.7% upregulated) and many of these were known antiviral and IFN-stimulated genes. On the other hand, only nine genes were differentially expressed in SBV infected cells compared to uninfected control cells, demonstrating the strong inhibitory effect of NSs on cellular gene expression. However, the majority of the genes that were expressed during SBV infection are involved in restriction of viral replication and spread indicating that SBV does not completely manage to shutdown the host antiviral response. Conclusions: In this study we show the effects of SBV NSs on the transcriptome of infected cells as well as the cellular response to wild type SBV. Although NSs is very efficient in shutting down genes of the host innate response, a number of possible antiviral factors were identified. Thus the data from this study can serve as a base for more detailed mechanistic studies of SBV and other orthobunyaviruses.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Palmarini, Professor Massimo and Mcdonald, Dr Melanie and Elliott, Professor Richard and Skelton, Miss Jessica and Wilkie, Dr Gavin and Baird, Mrs Margaret and Schnettler, Dr Esther and Gu, Dr Quan and Kohl, Professor Alain and Barry, Dr Gerald |
| Authors: | Blomström, A.-L., Gu, Q., Barry, G., Wilkie, G., Skelton, J. K., Baird, M., McFarlane, M., Schnettler, E., Elliott, R., Palmarini, M., and Kohl, A. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | BMC Genomics |
| Publisher: | BioMed Central |
| ISSN: | 1471-2164 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1471-2164 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2015 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in BMC Genomics 16:324 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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