Akbaraly, T. N., Shipley, M. J., Ferrie, J. E., Virtanen, M., Lowe, G., Hamer, M. and Kivimaki, M. (2015) Long-term adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and chronic inflammation in the prospective Whitehall II study. American Journal of Medicine, 128(2), 152-160.e4. (doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.10.002)
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Abstract
Background Inflammation plays an important role in the cause of cardiovascular diseases and may contribute to the association linking an unhealthy diet to chronic age-related diseases. However, to date the long-term associations between diet and inflammation have been poorly described. Our aim was to assess the extent to which adherence to a healthy diet and dietary improvements over a 6-year exposure period prevented subsequent chronic inflammation over a 5-year follow-up in a large British population of men and women.
Methods Data were drawn from 4600 adults (mean ± standard deviation, age 49.6 ± 6.1 years, 28% were women) from the prospective Whitehall cohort II study. Adherence to a healthy diet was measured using Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores in 1991-1993 (50.7 ± 11.9 points) and 1997-1999 (51.6 ± 12.4 points). Chronic inflammation, defined as average levels of serum interleukin-6 from 2 measures 5 years apart, was assessed in 1997-1999 and 2002-2004. Results After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and health status, participants who maintained a high AHEI score (ie, a healthy diet, n = 1736, 37.7%) and those who improved this score over time (n = 681, 14.8%) showed significantly lower mean levels of interleukin-6 (1.84 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71-1.98 and 1.84 pg/mL, 95% CI, 1.70-1.99, respectively) than those who had a low AHEI score (n = 1594, 34.6%) over the 6-year exposure period (2.01 pg/mL, 95% CI, 1.87-2.17). Conclusions These data suggest that maintaining and improving adherence to healthy dietary recommendations may reduce the risk of long-term inflammation.Item Type: | Articles |
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Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Lowe, Professor Gordon |
Authors: | Akbaraly, T. N., Shipley, M. J., Ferrie, J. E., Virtanen, M., Lowe, G., Hamer, M., and Kivimaki, M. |
College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health |
Journal Name: | American Journal of Medicine |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
ISSN: | 0002-9343 |
ISSN (Online): | 1555-7162 |
Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2015 The Authors |
First Published: | First published in American Journal of Medicine 128(2):152-160.e2 |
Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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