Dynamics of a morbillivirus at the domestic-wildlife interface: Canine distemper virus in domestic dogs and lions

Viana, M. et al. (2015) Dynamics of a morbillivirus at the domestic-wildlife interface: Canine distemper virus in domestic dogs and lions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(5), pp. 1464-1469. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1411623112) (PMID:25605919) (PMCID:PMC4321234)

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Abstract

Morbilliviruses cause many diseases of medical and veterinary importance, and although some (e.g., measles and rinderpest) have been controlled successfully, others, such as canine distemper virus (CDV), are a growing concern. A propensity for host-switching has resulted in CDV emergence in new species, including endangered wildlife, posing challenges for controlling disease in multispecies communities. CDV is typically associated with domestic dogs, but little is known about its maintenance and transmission in species-rich areas or about the potential role of domestic dog vaccination as a means of reducing disease threats to wildlife. We address these questions by analyzing a long-term serological dataset of CDV in lions and domestic dogs from Tanzania’s Serengeti ecosystem. Using a Bayesian state–space model, we show that dynamics of CDV have changed considerably over the past three decades. Initially, peaks of CDV infection in dogs preceded those in lions, suggesting that spill-over from dogs was the main driver of infection in wildlife. However, despite dog-to-lion transmission dominating cross-species transmission models, infection peaks in lions became more frequent and asynchronous from those in dogs, suggesting that other wildlife species may play a role in a potentially complex maintenance community. Widespread mass vaccination of domestic dogs reduced the probability of infection in dogs and the size of outbreaks but did not prevent transmission to or peaks of infection in lions. This study demonstrates the complexity of CDV dynamics in natural ecosystems and the value of long-term, large-scale datasets for investigating transmission patterns and evaluating disease control strategies.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Haydon, Professor Daniel and Willett, Professor Brian and Lembo, Dr Tiziana and Viana, Dr Mafalda and Hampson, Professor Katie and Halliday, Dr Jo and Matthiopoulos, Professor Jason and Hopcraft, Professor Grant and Cleaveland, Professor Sarah and Takahashi, Ms Emi
Authors: Viana, M., Cleaveland, S., Matthiopoulos, J., Halliday, J., Packer, C., Craft, M.E., Hampson, K., Czupryna, A., Dobson, A.P., Dubovi, E.J., Ernest, E., Fyumagwa, R., Hoare, R., Hopcraft, J.G.C., Horton, D.L., Kaare, M.T., Kanellos, T., Lankester, F., Mentzel, C., Mlengeya, T., Mzimbiri, I., Takahashi, E., Willett, B., Haydon, D., and Lembo, T.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Publisher:National Academy of Sciences
ISSN:0027-8424
ISSN (Online):1091-6490
Published Online:20 January 2015
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2015 The Authors
First Published:First published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
569041Hierarchical epidemiology: the spread and persistence of infectious diseases in complex landscapesKatie HampsonWellcome Trust (WELLCOME)095787/Z/11/ZRI BIODIVERSITY ANIMAL HEALTH & COMPMED