Feinkohl, I. et al. (2013) Clinical and subclinical macrovascular disease as predictors of cognitive decline in older patients with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study. Diabetes Care, 36(9), pp. 2779-2786. (doi:10.2337/dc12-2241)
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Publisher's URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12-2241
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Macrovascular disease may contribute to increased risk of accelerated cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine associations of measures of macrovascular disease with cognitive change in a cognitively healthy older population with type 2 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-one men and women (aged 60–75 years) attended two waves of the prospective Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study (ET2DS). At baseline, clinical and subclinical macrovascular disease was measured, including cardiovascular event history, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), ankle brachial index (ABI), and serum N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Seven neuropsychological tests were administered at baseline and after 4 years; scores were combined to a standardized general ability factor (g). Adjustment of follow-up g for baseline g assessed 4-year cognitive change. Adjustment for vocabulary (estimated premorbid ability) was used to estimate lifetime cognitive change. RESULTS: Measures of cognitive decline were significantly associated with stroke, NT-proBNP, ABI, and cIMT, but not with nonstroke vascular events. The association of stroke with increased estimated lifetime cognitive decline (standardized β, −0.12) and of subclinical markers with actual 4-year decline (standardized β, −0.12, 0.12, and −0.15 for NT-proBNP, ABI, and cIMT, respectively) reached the Bonferroni-adjusted level of statistical significance (P < 0.006). Results altered only slightly on adjustment for vascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Stroke and subclinical markers of cardiac stress and generalized atherosclerosis are associated with cognitive decline in older patients with type 2 diabetes. Further investigation into the potential use of subclinical vascular disease markers in predicting cognitive decline is warranted.| Item Type: | Articles |
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| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Welsh, Dr Paul and Sattar, Professor Naveed |
| Authors: | Feinkohl, I., Keller, M., Robertson, C. M., Morling, J. R., Williamson, R. M., Nee, L. D., McLachlan, S., Sattar, N., Welsh, P., Reynolds, R. M., Russ, T. C., Deary, I. J., Strachan, M. W.J., and Price, J. F. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences |
| Journal Name: | Diabetes Care |
| Publisher: | American Diabetes Association |
| ISSN: | 0149-5992 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1935-5548 |
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