Vitamin D and autism: clinical review

Kocovska, E., Fernell, E., Billstedt, E., Minnis, H. and Gillberg, C. (2012) Vitamin D and autism: clinical review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(5), pp. 1541-1550. (doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.015)

Abstract

<br>Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. The interplay between genetic and environmental factors has become the subject of intensified research in the last several years. Vitamin D deficiency has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD.</br> <br>Objective: The aim of the current paper is to systematically review the research regarding the possible connection between ASD and vitamin D, and to provide a narrative review of the literature regarding the role of vitamin D in various biological processes in order to generate hypotheses for future research.</br> <br>Results: Systematic data obtained by different research groups provide some, albeit very limited, support for the possible role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of ASD. There are two main areas of involvement of vitamin D in the human body that could potentially have direct impact on the development of ASD: (1) the brain (its homeostasis, immune system and neurodevelopment) and (2) gene regulation.</br> <br>Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency – either during pregnancy or early childhood – may be an environmental trigger for ASD in individuals genetically predisposed for the broad phenotype of autism. On the basis of the results of the present review, we argue for the recognition of this possibly important role of vitamin D in ASD, and for urgent research in the field.</br>

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Research in Developmental Disabilities. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(5) 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.015
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Minnis, Professor Helen and Kocovska, Mrs Eva and Gillberg, Professor Christopher
• Authors: Kocovska, E., Fernell, E., Billstedt, E., Minnis, H., and Gillberg, C.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
• Journal Name: Research in Developmental Disabilities
• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• ISSN: 0891-4222
• ISSN (Online): 1873-3379
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier
• First Published: First published in Research in Developmental Disabilities 33(5):1541-1550
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher