Weight management interventions in adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity: a systematic review of the evidence

Spanos, D., Melville, C. and Hankey, C. (2013) Weight management interventions in adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity: a systematic review of the evidence. Nutrition Journal, 12(132), (doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-132)

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Abstract

o evaluate the clinical effectiveness of weight management interventions in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and obesity using recommendations from current clinical guidelines for the first line management of obesity in adults. Full papers on lifestyle modification interventions published between 1982 to 2011 were sought by searching the Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases. Studies were evaluated based on 1) intervention components, 2) methodology, 3) attrition rate 4) reported weight loss and 5) duration of follow up. Twenty two studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions were classified according to inclusion of the following components: behaviour change alone, behaviour change plus physical activity, dietary advice or physical activity alone, dietary plus physical activity advice and multi-component (all three components). The majority of the studies had the same methodological limitations: no sample size justification, small heterogeneous samples, no information on randomisation methodologies. Eight studies were classified as multi-component interventions, of which one study used a 600 kilocalorie (2510 kilojoule) daily energy deficit diet. Study durations were mostly below the duration recommended in clinical guidelines and varied widely. No study included an exercise program promoting 225–300 minutes or more of moderate intensity physical activity per week but the majority of the studies used the same behaviour change techniques. Three studies reported clinically significant weight loss (≥ 5%) at six months post intervention. Current data indicate weight management interventions in those with ID differ from recommended practice and further studies to examine the effectiveness of multi-component weight management interventions for adults with ID and obesity are justified.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Hankey, Dr Catherine and Spanos, Mr Dimitrios and Melville, Professor Craig
Authors: Spanos, D., Melville, C., and Hankey, C.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
Journal Name:Nutrition Journal
Publisher:BioMed Central
ISSN:1475-2891
ISSN (Online):1475-2891
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2013 The Authors
First Published:First published in Nutrition Journal 12(132)
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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