Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in cats. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management

Egberink, H. et al. (2009) Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in cats. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 11(7), pp. 610-614. (doi: 10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.010)

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Publisher's URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.010

Abstract

<b>OVERVIEW</b>: <i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i> is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonises the respiratory tract of mammals and is considered to be a primary pathogen of domestic cats. It is sensible to consider B bronchiseptica as a rare cause of zoonotic infections. The bacterium is susceptible to common disinfectants.<p></p> <b>INFECTION</b>: The bacterium is shed in oral and nasal secretions of infected cats. Dogs with respiratory disease are an infection risk for cats. The microorganism colonises the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract of the host, establishing chronic infections.<p></p> <b>DISEASE SIGNS</b>: A wide range of respiratory signs has been associated with <i>B bronchiseptica</i> infection, from a mild illness with fever, coughing, sneezing, ocular discharge and lymphadenopathy to severe pneumonia with dyspnoea, cyanosis and death.<p></p> <b>DIAGNOSIS</b>: Bacterial culture and PCR lack sensitivity. Samples for isolation can be obtained from the oropharynx (swabs) or via transtracheal wash/ bronchoalveolar lavage.<p></p> <b>DISEASE MANAGEMENT</b>: Antibacterial therapy is indicated, even if the signs are mild. Where sensitivity data are unavailable, tetracyclines are recommended. Doxycycline is the antimicrobial of choice. Cats with severe <i>B bronchiseptica</i> infection require supportive therapy and intensive nursing care.<p></p> <b>VACCINATION RECOMMENDATIONS</b>: In some European countries an intranasal modified-live virus vaccine is available. The modified-live product is licensed for use as a single vaccination with annual boosters. Cats should not be routinely vaccinated against <i>B bronchiseptica</i> (non-core), since the infection generally causes only a mild disease.<p></p>

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Hosie, Professor Margaret and Addie, Dr Diane
Authors: Egberink, H., Addie, D., Belák, S., Boucraut-Baralon, C., Frymus, T., Gruffydd-Jones, T., Hartmann, K., Hosie, M. J., Lloret, A., Lutz, H., Marsilio, F., Pennisi, M. G., Radford, A. D., Thiry, E., Truyen, U., and Horzinek, M. C.
Subjects:Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology
S Agriculture > SF Animal culture > SF600 Veterinary Medicine
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
Journal Name:Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
Publisher:Sage
ISSN:1098-612X
ISSN (Online):1532-2750
Published Online:27 May 2009
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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
363381Rational Design of a Lentiviral VaccineMargaret HosieMedical Research Council (MRC)G0300387Centre for Virus Research