Displaced geostationary orbit design using hybrid sail propulsion

Heiligers, J., Ceriotti, M. , McInnes, C.R. and Biggs, J.D. (2011) Displaced geostationary orbit design using hybrid sail propulsion. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 34(6), pp. 1852-1866. (doi: 10.2514/1.53807)

Abstract

Because of an increase in the number of geostationary spacecraft and the limits imposed by east–west spacing requirements, the geostationary orbit is becoming congested. To increase its capacity, this paper proposes to create new geostationary slots by displacing the geostationary orbit either out of or in the equatorial plane by means of hybrid solar sail and solar electric propulsion. To minimize propellant consumption, optimal steering laws for the solar sail and solar-electric-propulsion thrust vectors are derived and the performance in terms of mission lifetime is assessed. For comparison, similar analyses are performed for conventional propulsion, including impulsive and pure solar electric propulsion. It is shown that hybrid sails outperform these propulsion techniques and that out-of-plane displacements outperform in-plane displacements. The out-of-plane case is therefore further investigated in a spacecraft mass budget to determine the payload mass capacity. Finally, two transfers that enable a further improvement of the performance of hybrid sails for the out-of-plane case are optimized using a direct pseudospectral method: a seasonal transit between orbits displaced above and below the equatorial plane and a transit to a parking orbit when geostationary coverage is not needed. Both transfers are shown to require only a modest propellant budget, outweighing the improvements they can establish.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Ceriotti, Dr Matteo and McInnes, Professor Colin
• Authors: Heiligers, J., Ceriotti, M., McInnes, C.R., and Biggs, J.D.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Systems Power and Energy
• Journal Name: Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics
• Publisher: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
• ISSN: 0731-5090
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2011 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
• First Published: First published in Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics 34(6):1852-1856
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher