The structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale: a confirmatory factor analysis in UK students

Hanna, D., White, R.G. , Lyons, K., McParland, M.J., Shannon, C. and Mulholland, C. (2011) The structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale: a confirmatory factor analysis in UK students. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(1), pp. 17-22. (doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.001)

Abstract

<p>The aim of this paper was to confirm the factor structure of the 20-item Beck Hopelessness Scale in a non-clinical population. Previous research has highlighted a lack of clarity in its construct validity with regards to this population.</p> <p>Based on previous factor analytic findings from both clinical and non-clinical studies, 13 separate confirmatory factor models were specified and estimated using LISREL 8.72 to test the one, two and three-factor models.</p> <p>Psychology and medical students at Queen’s University, Belfast (n = 581) completed both the BHS and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).</p> <p>All models showed reasonable fit, but only one, a four-item single-factor model demonstrated a non-significant chi-squared statistic. These four items can be used to derive a Short-Form BHS (SBHS) in which increasing scores (0–4) corresponded with increasing scores in the BDI. The four items were also drawn from all three of Beck’s proposed triad, and included both positively and negatively scored items.</p> <p>This study in a UK undergraduate non-clinical population suggests that the BHS best measures a one-factor model of hopelessness. It appears that a shorter four-item scale can also measure this one-factor model.</p>

• Item Type: Articles
• Keywords: Hopelessness, confirmatory factor analysis, normal population, Beck Hopelessness Scale, depressive disorder
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: White, Dr Ross
• Authors: Hanna, D., White, R.G., Lyons, K., McParland, M.J., Shannon, C., and Mulholland, C.
• Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
• Journal Name: Personality and Individual Differences
• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• ISSN: 0191-8869
• ISSN (Online): 1873-3549