Smith, M.J., Adam, G. , Duncan, H..J. and Cowling, M.J. (2002) The effects of cationic surfactants on marine biofilm growth on hydrogels. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 55(3), pp. 361-367. (doi: 10.1006/ecss.2001.0910)
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Abstract
A method for the quantification of biofilm formation on hydrogel protective coatings for optical sensors and cameras has been developed using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis. In conjunction with these measurements the release of the fouling resistant cationic surfactants benzalkonium chloride, tallowbenzyldimethylammonium chloride and dicocodimethylammonium chloride was measured, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), to enable correlation to be made between release and biofilm resistance and thus determine the active lifetime of such coatings. Results indicate that the twin-chained material, dicocodimethylammonium chloride, produced superior biofouling resistance as, at the 12 week time point, little fouling was detected on this coating. The hydrogel containing the long-chained tallowbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (mainly C-16 and C-18 chains) was the next best fouling resistant material, withstanding biofilm formation for 9 weeks. This correlates with the fact that each of these materials had an extremely slow to zero release rate, due to their irreversible binding to the hydrogel over the experimental timescale. In comparison the shorter chained benzalkonium chloride (mainly C-12 and C-14). showed signs of biofilm formation at the 3 week time point.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | MacKinnon, Dr Gillian and Cowling, Professor Michael |
| Authors: | Smith, M.J., Adam, G., Duncan, H..J., and Cowling, M.J. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre |
| Journal Name: | Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Science Ltd. |
| ISSN: | 0272-7714 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1096-0015 |
| Published Online: | 28 September 2002 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. |
| First Published: | First published in Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 55(3):631-367 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
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