A review of methods for assessment of the rate of gastric emptying in the dog and cat: 1898-2002

Wyse, C.A., McLellan, J., Dickie, A.M., Sutton, D.G. , Preston, T. and Yam, P.S. (2003) A review of methods for assessment of the rate of gastric emptying in the dog and cat: 1898-2002. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 17(5), pp. 609-621. (doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02491.x)

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Abstract

Gastric emptying is the process by which food is delivered to the small intestine at a rate and in a form that optimizes intestinal absorption of nutrients. The rate of gastric emptying is subject to alteration by physiological, pharmacological, and pathological conditions. Gastric emptying of solids is of greater clinical significance because disordered gastric emptying rarely is detectable in the liquid phase. Imaging techniques have the disadvantage of requiring restraint of the animal and access to expensive equipment. Radiographic methods require administration of test meals that are not similar to food. Scintigraphy is the gold standard method for assessment of gastric emptying but requires administration of a radioisotope. Magnetic resonance imaging has not yet been applied for assessment of gastric emptying in small animals. Ultrasonography is a potentially useful, but subjective, method for assessment of gastric emptying in dogs. Gastric tracer methods require insertion of gastric or intestinal cannulae and are rarely applied outside of the research laboratory. The paracetamol absorption test has been applied for assessment of liquid phase gastric emptying in the dog, but requires IV cannulation. The gastric emptying breath test is a noninvasive method for assessment of gastric emptying that has been applied in dogs and cats. This method can be carried out away from the veterinary hospital, but the effects of physiological and pathological abnormalities on the test are not known. Advances in technology will facilitate the development of reliable methods for assessment of gastric emptying in small animals.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Wyse, Dr Cathy and Yam, Dr Philippa and Preston, Professor Tom and Sutton, Professor David
Authors: Wyse, C.A., McLellan, J., Dickie, A.M., Sutton, D.G., Preston, T., and Yam, P.S.
Subjects:S Agriculture > SF Animal culture > SF600 Veterinary Medicine
Q Science > QL Zoology
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Publisher:American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
ISSN:0891-6640
Published Online:28 June 2008
Copyright Holders:© American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine
First Published:First published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 15 (5) : 609 - 621
Publisher Policy:Reproduced with the permission of the Publisher

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