Horvath, A., Fuxreiter, M., Vendruscolo, M., Holt, C. and Carver, J. A. (2022) Are casein micelles extracellular condensates formed by liquid-liquid phase separation? FEBS Letters, 596(16), pp. 2072-2085. (doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14449) (PMID:35815989)
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Abstract
Casein micelles are extracellular polydisperse assemblies of unstructured casein proteins. Caseins are the major component of milk. Within casein micelles, casein molecules are stabilised by binding to calcium phosphate nanoclusters and, by acting as molecular chaperones, through multivalent interactions. In the light of such interactions, we discuss whether casein micelles can be considered as extracellular condensates formed by liquid–liquid phase separation. We analyse the sequence, structure and interactions of caseins in comparison with proteins forming intracellular condensates. Furthermore, we review the similarities between caseins and small heat-shock proteins whose chaperone activity is linked to phase separation of proteins. By bringing these observations together, we describe a regulatory mechanism for protein condensates, as exemplified by casein micelles.
Item Type: | Articles |
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Additional Information: | MF acknowledges the support of Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro IG 2021 ID 26229. |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Holt, Dr Carl |
Authors: | Horvath, A., Fuxreiter, M., Vendruscolo, M., Holt, C., and Carver, J. A. |
College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Molecular Biosciences |
Journal Name: | FEBS Letters |
Publisher: | Wiley |
ISSN: | 0014-5793 |
ISSN (Online): | 1873-3468 |
Published Online: | 11 July 2022 |
Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2022 Federation of European Biochemical Societies |
First Published: | First published in FEBS Letters 596(16): 2072-2085 |
Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy |
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