Leighton, S. P. , Herron, J. W. , Jackson, E., Sheridan, M., Deligianni, F. and Cavanagh, J. (2022) Delirium and the risk of developing dementia: a cohort study of 12 949 patients. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 93(8), pp. 822-827. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-328903) (PMID:35606105) (PMCID:PMC9304115)
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Abstract
Background: Delirium is an important risk factor for subsequent dementia. However, the field lacks large studies with long-term follow-up of delirium in subjects initially free of dementia to clearly establish clinical trajectories. Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of all patients over the age of 65 diagnosed with an episode of delirium who were initially dementia free at onset of delirium within National Health Service Greater Glasgow & Clyde between 1996 and 2020 using the Safe Haven database. We estimated the cumulative incidence of dementia accounting for the competing risk of death without a dementia diagnosis. We modelled the effects of age at delirium diagnosis, sex and socioeconomic deprivation on the cause-specific hazard of dementia via cox regression. Results: 12 949 patients with an incident episode of delirium were included and followed up for an average of 741 days. The estimated cumulative incidence of dementia was 31% by 5 years. The estimated cumulative incidence of the competing risk of death without dementia was 49.2% by 5 years. The cause-specific hazard of dementia was increased with higher levels of deprivation and also with advancing age from 65, plateauing and decreasing from age 90. There did not appear to be a relationship with sex. Conclusions: Our study reinforces the link between delirium and future dementia in a large cohort of patients. It highlights the importance of early recognition of delirium and prevention where possible.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | SPL is funded by a Clinical Academic Fellowship from the Chief Scientist Office, Scotland (CAF/19/04). JC is supported by funding from the Medical Research Council (MR/S035753/1), the Wellcome Trust (104025/Z/14/Z), Versus Arthritis (22453) and the Inger and George M Simpson Donation. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Leighton, Dr Samuel and Cavanagh, Professor Jonathan and Deligianni, Dr Fani and Jackson, Dr Eric and Herron, Dr James |
| Authors: | Leighton, S. P., Herron, J. W., Jackson, E., Sheridan, M., Deligianni, F., and Cavanagh, J. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing College of Science and Engineering > School of Computing Science |
| Research Centre: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Immunobiology |
| Journal Name: | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry |
| Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 0022-3050 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1468-330X |
| Published Online: | 23 May 2022 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2022 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 93(8): 822-827 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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