No evidence of differential impact of sunflower and rapeseed oil on biomarkers of coronary artery disease or chronic kidney disease in healthy adults with overweight and obesity: result from a randomised control trial

Nicol, K., Mansoorian, B., Latosinska, A., Koutroulaki, A., Mullen, B. and Combet, E. (2022) No evidence of differential impact of sunflower and rapeseed oil on biomarkers of coronary artery disease or chronic kidney disease in healthy adults with overweight and obesity: result from a randomised control trial. European Journal of Nutrition, 61(6), pp. 3119-3133. (doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02810-5) (PMID:35381848) (PMCID:PMC9363295)

Abstract

Purpose: The perceived benefits and risks associated with seed oil intake remain controversial, with a limited number of studies investigating the impact of intake on a range of compounds used as cardiometabolic markers. This study aimed to explore the proteomic and cardiometabolic effects of commonly consumed seed oils in the UK, with different fatty acid profiles. Methods: In a parallel randomised control design, healthy adults (n = 84), aged 25–72 with overweight or obesity were randomised to one of three groups: control (habitual diet, CON); 20 mL rapeseed oil per day (RO), or 20 mL sunflower oil per day (SO). Blood, spot urine and anthropometric measures were obtained at 0, 6 and 12 weeks. Proteomic biomarkers analysis was conducted for coronary arterial disease (CAD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS). Blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, glycative/oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were also analysed. Results: No differences in change between time points were observed between groups for CAD or CKD peptide fingerprint scores. No change was detected within groups for CAD or CKD scores. No detectable differences were observed between groups at week 6 or 12 for the secondary outcomes, except median 8-isoprostane, ~ 50% higher in the SO group after 12-weeks compared to RO and CON groups (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The replacement of habitual fat with either RO or SO for 12 weeks does not lead to an improvement or worsening in cardiovascular health markers in people with overweight or obesity. Trial registration: Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT04867629, retrospectively registered 30/04/2021.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: The study was designed by EC and BM with input from the British Broadcast Corporation (BBC) who expressed interest in investigating the impact of dietary oils commonly consumed in the UK on proteomic biomarkers of health and diseases. The BBC provided in-kind support toward participant recruitment and dissemination of the findings as part of the ‘Trust me, I’m a doctor’ series. The BBC provided financial support toward research costs associated with proteomic biomarkers measurements. Hillfarm Oils Ltd (Heveningham, United Kingdom) provided the RO oil free of charge.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Mullen, Dr Bill and Mansoorian, Dr Bahareh and Combet Aspray, Professor Emilie and Nicol, Ms Katie
• Authors: Nicol, K., Mansoorian, B., Latosinska, A., Koutroulaki, A., Mullen, B., and Combet, E.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
• Journal Name: European Journal of Nutrition
• Publisher: Springer
• ISSN: 1436-6207
• ISSN (Online): 1436-6215
• Published Online: 05 April 2022
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2022 The Authors
• First Published: First published in European Journal of Nutrition 61(6): 3119-3133
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License