Simulation and optimization studies of the LHCb Beetle readout ASIC and machine learning approach for pulse shape reconstruction

Kopciewicz, P. et al. (2021) Simulation and optimization studies of the LHCb Beetle readout ASIC and machine learning approach for pulse shape reconstruction. Sensors, 21(18), 6075. (doi: 10.3390/s21186075)

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Abstract

The optimization of the Beetle readout ASIC and the performance of the software for the signal processing based on machine learning methods are presented. The Beetle readout chip was developed for the LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty) tracking detectors and was used in the VELO (Vertex Locator) during Run 1 and 2 of LHC data taking. The VELO, surrounding the LHC beam crossing region, was a leading part of the LHCb tracking system. The Beetle chip was used to read out the signal from silicon microstrips, integrating and amplifying it. The studies presented in this paper cover the optimization of its electronic configuration to achieve the lower power consumption footprint and the lower operational temperature of the sensors, while maintaining a good condition of the analogue response of the whole chip. The studies have shown that optimizing the operational temperature is possible and can be beneficial when the detector is highly irradiated. Even a single degree drop in silicon temperature can result in a significant reduction in the leakage current. Similar studies are being performed for the future silicon tracker, the Upstream Tracker (UT), which will start operating at LHC in 2021. It is expected that the inner part of the UT detector will suffer radiation damage similar to the most irradiated VELO sensors in Run 2. In the course of analysis we also developed a general approach for the pulse shape reconstruction using an ANN approach. This technique can be reused in case of any type of front-end readout chip.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:The authors acknowledge support from Polish National Science Center Preludium grant (UMO2020/37/N/ST2/04008) and CERN-Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire and LHCb-Large Hadron Collider beauty. We also acknowledge support from NVIDIA Corporation and MEiN DIR/WK/2017/2020/04-1.
Keywords:Particle tracking detectors, sensor optimization, readout systems.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Eklund, Prof Lars
Creator Roles:
Eklund, L.Writing – review and editing
Authors: Kopciewicz, P., Akiba, K. C., Szumlak, T., Sitko, S., Barter, W., Buytaert, J., Eklund, L., Hennessy, K., Koppenburg, P., Latham, T., Majewski, M., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Parkes, C., Qian, W., Velthuis, J., and Williams, M.
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Physics and Astronomy
Journal Name:Sensors
Publisher:MDPI
ISSN:1424-8220
ISSN (Online):1424-8220
Published Online:10 September 2021
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2021 The Authors
First Published:First published in Sensors 21(18): 6075
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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