Rodrigo-Navarro, A. , Sankaran, S., Dalby, M. J. , del Campo, A. and Salmeron-Sanchez, M. (2021) Engineered living biomaterials. Nature Reviews Materials, 6(12), pp. 1175-1190. (doi: 10.1038/s41578-021-00350-8)
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Abstract
Biomaterials have evolved from inert materials that lack interaction with the body to biologically active, instructive materials that host and provide signals to surrounding cells and tissues. Engineered living materials contain living cells (responsive function) and polymeric matrices (scaffolding function) and, thus, can be designed as active and response biomaterials. In this Review, we discuss engineered living materials that incorporate microorganisms as the living, bioactive component. Microorganisms can provide complex responses to environmental stimuli, and they can be genetically engineered to allow user control over responses and integration of numerous inputs. The engineered microorganisms can either generate their own matrix, such as in biofilms, or they can be incorporated in matrices using various technologies, such as coating, 3D printing, spinning and microencapsulation. We highlight biomedical applications of such engineered living materials, including biosensing, wound healing, stem-cell-based tissue engineering and drug delivery, and provide an outlook to the challenges and future applications of engineered living materials.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | Materials chemistry, surfaces, coatings and films, energy (miscellaneous), biomaterials, electronic, optical and magnetic materials. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Salmeron-Sanchez, Professor Manuel and Rodrigo-Navarro, Mr Aleixandre and Dalby, Professor Matthew |
| Authors: | Rodrigo-Navarro, A., Sankaran, S., Dalby, M. J., del Campo, A., and Salmeron-Sanchez, M. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Molecular Biosciences College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering |
| Journal Name: | Nature Reviews Materials |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 2058-8437 |
| ISSN (Online): | 2058-8437 |
| Published Online: | 31 August 2021 |
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