Pandey, S., Malviya, G. and Chottova Dvorakova, M. (2021) Role of peptides in diagnostics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(16), 8828. (doi: 10.3390/ijms22168828) (PMID:34445532)
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Abstract
The specificity of a diagnostic assay depends upon the purity of the biomolecules used as a probe. To get specific and accurate information of a disease, the use of synthetic peptides in diagnostics have increased in the last few decades, because of their high purity profile and ability to get modified chemically. The discovered peptide probes are used either in imaging diagnostics or in non-imaging diagnostics. In non-imaging diagnostics, techniques such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), lateral flow devices (i.e., point-of-care testing), or microarray or LC-MS/MS are used for direct analysis of biofluids. Among all, peptide-based ELISA is considered to be the most preferred technology platform. Similarly, peptides can also be used as probes for imaging techniques, such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). The role of radiolabeled peptides, such as somatostatin receptors, interleukin 2 receptor, prostate specific membrane antigen, αβ3 integrin receptor, gastrin-releasing peptide, chemokine receptor 4, and urokinase-type plasminogen receptor, are well established tools for targeted molecular imaging ortumor receptor imaging. Low molecular weight peptides allow a rapid clearance from the blood and result in favorable target-to-non-target ratios. It also displays a good tissue penetration and non-immunogenicity. The only drawback of using peptides is their potential low metabolic stability. In this review article, we have discussed and evaluated the role of peptides in imaging and non-imaging diagnostics. The most popular non-imaging and imaging diagnostic platforms are discussed, categorized, and ranked, as per their scientific contribution on PUBMED. Moreover, the applicability of peptide-based diagnostics in deadly diseases, mainly COVID-19 and cancer, is also discussed in detail.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | The work was supported by the Charles University Research Fund [Progres Q39]. |
| Keywords: | Peptides, diagnostic, ELISA, microarray, PET, SPECT, imaging diagnostic, non-imaging diagnostic. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Malviya, Dr Gaurav |
| Creator Roles: | |
| Authors: | Pandey, S., Malviya, G., and Chottova Dvorakova, M. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences |
| Journal Name: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1422-0067 |
| Published Online: | 17 August 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(16): 8828 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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