A comparison of two ketamine doses for field anaesthesia in horses undergoing castration

Harðardóttir, H., Murison, P.J. , Blissitt, K.J., Olason, S. and Clutton, R.E. (2019) A comparison of two ketamine doses for field anaesthesia in horses undergoing castration. Equine Veterinary Journal, 51(4), pp. 458-463. (doi: 10.1111/evj.13052) (PMID:30471143)

Abstract

Background: Ketamine at 2.2 mg/kg given i.v. is often used to induce anaesthesia for surgical procedures in horses under field conditions. Commonly, additional doses are needed to complete the surgery. We hypothesised that surgical conditions would be improved when 5 mg/kg of ketamine was used to induce anaesthesia, while induction and recovery qualities would not differ from those when 2.2 mg/kg ketamine was used. Objective: To compare the anaesthetic effects of two ketamine doses (5 and 2.2 mg/kg) during field anaesthesia for castration of horses. Study design: Prospective, randomised, blinded, clinical study. Method: Seventy-seven client-owned Icelandic horses presented for castration under field conditions were studied. Pre-anaesthetic medication was xylazine (0.7 mg/kg) butorphanol (25 μg/kg) and acepromazine (50 μg/kg) injected i.v. Anaesthesia was induced with either 2.2 mg/kg (K2.2) or 5 mg/kg (K5) i.v. of ketamine mixed with diazepam (30 μg/kg). The quality of induction, surgical conditions and recovery were compared using subjective and objective measures, and the number of additional ketamine doses recorded. Results: Ketamine 5 mg/kg provided better surgical conditions and a more rapid induction. Recovery quality was subjectively better in K2.2. Five horses in K2.2 and two in K5 required additional ketamine doses. Main limitations: While the pre-anaesthetic sedation and benzodiazepine doses were consistent among horses, the level of sedation and muscle relaxation achieved differed. Conclusion: A ketamine dose of 5 mg/kg can be used to improve the quality of field anaesthesia for castration in Icelandic horses. Although recovery quality is subjectively better when using 2.2 mg/kg, no adverse events were observed during recovery with either dose

• Item Type: Articles (Other)
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Murison, Professor Pamela
• Authors: Harðardóttir, H., Murison, P.J., Blissitt, K.J., Olason, S., and Clutton, R.E.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
• Journal Name: Equine Veterinary Journal
• Publisher: Wiley
• ISSN: 0425-1644
• ISSN (Online): 2042-3306
• Published Online: 24 November 2018
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2018 EVJ Ltd
• First Published: First published in Equine Veterinary Journal 51(4):458-463
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher