Inman, G. J. , Nicolas, F. J. and Hill, C. S. (2002) Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Smads 2, 3, and 4 permits sensing of TGF-beta receptor activity. Molecular Cell, 10(2), pp. 283-294. (PMID:12191474)
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β stimulation leads to phosphorylation and activation of Smad2 and Smad3, which form complexes with Smad4 that accumulate in the nucleus and regulate transcription of target genes. Here we demonstrate that, following TGF-β stimulation of epithelial cells, receptors remain active for at least 3–4 hr, and continuous receptor activity is required to maintain active Smads in the nucleus and for TGF-β-induced transcription. We show that continuous nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the Smads during active TGF-β signaling provides the mechanism whereby the intracellular transducers of the signal continuously monitor receptor activity. Our data therefore explain how, at all times, the concentration of active Smads in the nucleus is directly dictated by the levels of activated receptors in the cytoplasm.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | The work was supported by Imperial Cancer bition of signal-mediated nuclear export by direct binding to CRM1. Research Fund (now Cancer Research UK) and an MRC postdoc- Exp. Cell Res. 242, 540–547. toral training fellowship to F.J.N. |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Inman, Professor Gareth |
| Authors: | Inman, G. J., Nicolas, F. J., and Hill, C. S. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences |
| Journal Name: | Molecular Cell |
| ISSN: | 1097-2765 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1097-4164 |
| Published Online: | 21 August 2002 |
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