Ferreira, J. P. et al. (2021) Serum potassium and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a post-hoc analysis of the PARAGON-HF trial. European Journal of Heart Failure, 23(5), pp. 776-784. (doi: 10.1002/ejhf.2134) (PMID:33609066)
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Abstract
Introduction: The relationship between serum potassium concentration and outcomes in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is not well‐established. Aims: To explore the association between serum potassium and clinical outcomes in the PARAGON‐HF trial in which 4822 patients with HFpEF were randomised to treatment with sacubitril/valsartan or valsartan. Methods: The relationship between serum potassium concentrations and the primary study composite outcome of total (first and recurrent) heart failure hospitalisations and cardiovascular death was analysed. Hypo‐, normo‐, and hyperkalaemia were defined as serum potassium <4 mmol/l, 4‐5 mmol/l and >5 mmol/l, respectively. Both screening and time‐updated potassium (categorical and continuous spline‐transformed) were studied. Results: Patient mean age was 73 years and 52% were women. Patients with higher baseline potassium more often had an ischaemic aetiology and diabetes and MRA treatment. Compared with normokalaemia, both time‐updated (but not screening) hypo‐ and hyperkalaemia were associated with a higher risk of the primary outcome: adjusted HR (95%CI) for hypokalaemia=1.55 (1.30‐1.85); p<0.001 and for hyperkalaemia=1.21 (1.02‐1.44); p=0.025. Hypokalaemia had a stronger association with a higher risk of all‐cause, cardiovascular and non‐cardiovascular death than hyperkalaemia. The association of hypokalaemia with increased risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular death was most marked in participants with impaired kidney function (interactionP<0.05). Serum potassium did not significantly differ between sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan throughout the follow‐up. Conclusions: Both hypo‐ and hyperkalaemia were associated with heart failure hospitalisation but only hypokalaemia was associated with mortality, especially in the context of renal impairment. Hypokalaemia was as strongly associated with death from non‐cardiovascular causes as with cardiovascular death. Collectively, these findings suggest that potassium disturbances are a more of a marker of HFpEF severity rather than a direct cause of death.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Kober, Professor Lars and Cleland, Professor John and Ferreira, Mr Joao Pedro and McMurray, Professor John |
| Authors: | Ferreira, J. P., Claggett, B. L., Liu, J., Desai, A. S., Pfeffer, M. A., Anand, I. S., Van Veldhuisen, D. J., Kober, L., Cleland, J. G.F., Rouleau, J. L., Packer, M., Zile, M. R., Shi, V. C., Lefkowitz, M. P., Shah, S. J., Vardeny, O., Zanannd, F., Solomon, S. D., and McMurray, J. J.V. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Robertson Centre |
| Journal Name: | European Journal of Heart Failure |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 1388-9842 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1879-0844 |
| Published Online: | 20 February 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in European Journal of Heart Failure 23(5): 776-784 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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