HIV rev-isited

Truman, C. T.-S., Järvelin, A., Davis, I. and Castello, A. (2020) HIV rev-isited. Open Biology, 10(12), 200320. (doi: 10.1098/rsob.200320) (PMID:33352061) (PMCID:PMC7776567)

Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proteome is expressed from alternatively spliced and unspliced genomic RNAs. However, HIV-1 RNAs that are not fully spliced are perceived by the host machinery as defective and are retained in the nucleus. During late infection, HIV-1 bypasses this regulatory mechanism by expression of the Rev protein from a fully spliced mRNA. Once imported into the nucleus, Rev mediates the export of unprocessed HIV-1 RNAs to the cytoplasm, leading to the production of the viral progeny. While regarded as a canonical RNA export factor, Rev has also been linked to HIV-1 RNA translation, stabilization, splicing and packaging. However, Rev's functions beyond RNA export have remained poorly understood. Here, we revisit this paradigmatic protein, reviewing recent data investigating its structure and function. We conclude by asking: what remains unknown about this enigmatic viral protein?

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: A.C is funded by an MRC CDA no. MR/L019434/1, the MRC grant no. MR/R021562/1 and the John Fell Funds from the University of Oxford. C.T.-S.T. is funded by a BBSRC DTP scholarship DD01.20. A.J. is funded by Wellcome Investigator Award to I.D. (209412/Z/17/Z).
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Castello, Professor Alfredo
• Authors: Truman, C. T.-S., Järvelin, A., Davis, I., and Castello, A.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
• Journal Name: Open Biology
• Publisher: The Royal Society
• ISSN: 2046-2441
• ISSN (Online): 2046-2441
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2020 The Authors.
• First Published: First published in Open Biology 10(12):200320
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons license