The fate of Speckled protein 100 (Sp100) during herpesviruses infection

Collados Rodriguez, M. (2021) The fate of Speckled protein 100 (Sp100) during herpesviruses infection. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10, 607526. (doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.607526) (PMID:33598438) (PMCID:PMC7882683)

Abstract

The constitutive expression of Speckled-100 (Sp100) is known to restrict the replication of many clinically important DNA viruses. This pre-existing (intrinsic) immune defence to virus infection can be further upregulated upon interferon (IFN) stimulation as a component of the innate immune response. In humans, Sp100 is encoded by a single gene locus, which can produce alternatively spliced isoforms. The widely studied Sp100A, Sp100B, Sp100C and Sp100HMG have functions associated with the transcriptional regulation of viral and cellular chromatin, either directly through their characteristic DNA-binding domains, or indirectly through post-translational modification (PTM) and associated protein interaction networks. Sp100 isoforms are resident component proteins of promyelocytic leukemia-nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), dynamic nuclear sub-structures which regulate host immune defences against many pathogens. In the case of human herpesviruses, multiple protein antagonists are expressed to relieve viral DNA genome transcriptional silencing imposed by PML-NB and Sp100-derived proteinaceous structures, thereby stimulating viral propagation, pathogenesis, and transmission to new hosts. This review details how different Sp100 isoforms are manipulated during herpesviruses HSV1, VZV, HCMV, EBV and KSHV infection, identifying gaps in our current knowledge, and highlighting future areas of research.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Collados Rodriguez, Dr Milagros
• Authors: Collados Rodriguez, M.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research
• Journal Name: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
• Publisher: Frontiers Media
• ISSN: 2235-2988
• ISSN (Online): 2235-2988
• Published Online: 01 February 2021
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2021 Collados Rodrıguez
• First Published: First published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 10:607526
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons license

Project Code	Award No	Project Name	Principal Investigator	Funder's Name	Funder Ref	Lead Dept
65652	1	The role of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins during viral infection	Chris Boutell	Medical Research Council (MRC)	MC_UU_12014/5	MVLS III - CENTRE FOR VIRUS RESEARCH