Prevalence and predictors of suicidality and non-suicidal self-harm among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: results from a community-recruited sample

Haining, K., Karagiorgou, O., Gajwani, R. , Gross, J. , Gumley, A. I. , Lawrie, S. M., Schwannauer, M., Schultze-Lutter, F. and Uhlhaas, P. J. (2021) Prevalence and predictors of suicidality and non-suicidal self-harm among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: results from a community-recruited sample. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 15(5), pp. 1256-1265. (doi: 10.1111/eip.13075) (PMID:33372364) (PMCID:PMC8451831)

Abstract

Aim: Suicidal thoughts and behaviours are prevalent in individuals with schizophrenia. However, research examining the prevalence and predictors of suicidality and self‐harm in participants at clinical high‐risk for psychosis (CHR‐P) is limited and mostly focuses on help‐seeking participants recruited through clinical pathways. The current study sought to assess the prevalence of suicidality and self‐harm and identify predictors of current suicidal ideation in community‐recruited CHR‐P participants. Methods: Data were available for 130 CHR‐P participants, 15 participants with first‐episode psychosis (FEP), 47 participants not fulfilling CHR‐P criteria (CHR‐Ns) and 53 healthy controls. Current and lifetime suicidality and self‐harm were assessed using the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk Mental States (CAARMS). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of current suicidal ideation in the CHR‐P group. Results: A considerable proportion of CHR‐P participants disclosed current suicidal ideation (34.6%). Overall, FEP individuals were at greatest risk, with considerably high prevalence rates for current suicidal ideation (73.3%), lifetime self‐harm behaviour (60.0%) and lifetime suicide attempt (60.0%). In the CHR‐P sample, current suicidal ideation was predicted by lifetime suicide attempts, lower CAARMS severity, impaired social functioning and greater comorbidity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that suicidality and self‐harm are highly prevalent in community‐recruited CHR‐P and FEP individuals. Accordingly, these results highlight the importance of further research into the determinants of suicidality and self‐harm during at‐risk and early stages of psychosis, and the implementation of intervention strategies to reduce adverse outcomes in these populations.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Uhlhaas, Professor Peter and Karagiorgou, Mrs Olga and Haining, Dr Kate and Gajwani, Dr Ruchika and Gross, Professor Joachim and Gumley, Professor Andrew
• Authors: Haining, K., Karagiorgou, O., Gajwani, R., Gross, J., Gumley, A. I., Lawrie, S. M., Schwannauer, M., Schultze-Lutter, F., and Uhlhaas, P. J.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing; College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Psychology & Neuroscience
• Journal Name: Early Intervention in Psychiatry
• Publisher: Wiley
• ISSN: 1751-7885
• ISSN (Online): 1751-7893
• Published Online: 28 December 2020
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2020 The Authors
• First Published: First published in Early Intervention in Psychiatry 15(5): 1256-1265
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

Project Code	Award No	Project Name	Principal Investigator	Funder's Name	Funder Ref	Lead Dept
190713		Using Magnetoencephalography to Investigate Aberrant Neural Synchrony in Prodromal Schizophrenia: A Translational Biomarker Approach	Peter Uhlhaas	Medical Research Council (MRC)	MR/L011689/1	NP - Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (CCNi)