Analysis and design of a hybrid optical fiber refractometer for large dynamic range measurements

Apriyanto, H., Bernal, O. D., Cattoen, M., Lizion, F., Sharp, J. H. , Surre, F., Chavagnac, V. and Seat, H. C. (2020) Analysis and design of a hybrid optical fiber refractometer for large dynamic range measurements. IEEE Sensors Journal, 20(10), pp. 5260-5269. (doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2969417)

Abstract

A fiber refractometer with large dynamic range from 1.316 to 1.61 RIU has been realized using a hybrid configuration of a single-mode fiber (SMF) coupled to a stripped-cladding multimode fiber (MMF) as sensing element. An extended analysis of the diffraction principle of a Gaussian beam is specifically developed for this sensor configuration to determine the injected power density into the MMF which, when subsequently combined with ray optics, analytical wave optics and Fresnel equations, enables the sensor response to be comprehensively estimated. Simulation results have been experimentally corroborated to very high agreement for a 2-cm and a 5-cm decladded section of multimode fiber used as the sensing element. The results show, for the shorter sensor (2 cm), a very high sensitivity of ~ -250 a.u./RIU being achieved in the Zone II operating regime, i.e. for indices between the cladding and core indices together with a resolution of 2.76 × 10 -6 RIU being attained. In addition, the developed models have been used to accurately predict the response of sensing elements of various lengths, hence demonstrating the potential capability of this research to be exploited for optimizing bespoke design of fiber refractometers of any arbitrary sensing lengths or dimensions. As an example, we present the design of a refractometer achieving a maximum sensitivity of 300 a.u./RIU with a potential resolution of 2.26 × 10 -6 RIU.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under Grant ANR-13-IS06-0001-04.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Sharp, Dr James
• Authors: Apriyanto, H., Bernal, O. D., Cattoen, M., Lizion, F., Sharp, J. H., Surre, F., Chavagnac, V., and Seat, H. C.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Systems Power and Energy
• Journal Name: IEEE Sensors Journal
• Publisher: IEEE
• ISSN: 1530-437X
• ISSN (Online): 1558-1748
• Published Online: 27 January 2020
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2020 IEEE
• First Published: First published in IEEE Sensors Journal 20(10): 5260-5269
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy