MacRitchie, N., Noonan, J., Guzik, T. J. and Maffia, P. (2021) Molecular imaging of cardiovascular inflammation. British Journal of Pharmacology, 178(21), pp. 4216-4245. (doi: 10.1111/bph.15654) (PMID:34378206)
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including atherosclerosis, are chronic inflammatory diseases characterised by a complex and evolving tissue micro-environment. Molecular heterogeneity of inflammatory responses translates into clinical outcomes. However, current medical imaging modalities are unable to reveal the cellular and molecular events at a level of detail that would allow more accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment. This is an inherent limitation of the current imaging tools which are restricted to anatomical or functional data. Molecular imaging – the visualization and quantification of molecules in the body – is already established in the clinic in the form of Positron Emitted Tomography (PET), yet the use of PET in CVD is limited. In this visual review, we will guide you through the current state of molecular imaging research, assessing the respective strengths and weaknesses of molecular imaging modalities, including those already being used in the clinic such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and emerging technologies at pre-clinical stage, such as photoacoustic imaging. We discuss the basic principles of each technology and provide key examples of their application in imaging inflammation in CVD and the added value into the diagnostic decision-making process. Finally, we discuss barriers for rapid successful clinical translation of these novel diagnostic modalities.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Maffia, Professor Pasquale and Guzik, Professor Tomasz and Noonan, Dr Jonathan and MacRitchie, Dr Neil |
| Authors: | MacRitchie, N., Noonan, J., Guzik, T. J., and Maffia, P. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity |
| Research Centre: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Immunobiology |
| Journal Name: | British Journal of Pharmacology |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 0007-1188 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1476-5381 |
| Published Online: | 10 August 2021 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2021 The British Pharmacological Society |
| First Published: | First published in British Journal of Pharmacology 178(21): 4216-4245 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy |
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