Ravassa, S., Delles, C. , Currie, G. and Díez, J. (2019) Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. In: Touyz, R. M. and Delles, C. (eds.) Textbook of Vascular Medicine. Springer: Cham, pp. 319-330. ISBN 9783030164805 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-16481-2_30)
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide. Advances in biomarker research over the past 30 years have facilitated more sensitive screening methods, better detection and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, and improved treatments, thereby reducing adverse clinical outcomes in affected patients. However, while there are already well-recognized biomarkers of cardiovascular risk and disease available, several studies have suggested that the clinical usefulness of some of these, in terms of prognostic and predictive value, is modestly incremental at best. Further investigation into reliable and cost-effective biomarkers that assess cardiovascular risk, diagnose cardiovascular disease, monitor and guide therapy, and predict cardiovascular events with greater sensitivity and specificity is therefore required. In general, evaluation of novel biomarkers requires sound research design in representative at-risk populations. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of a novel biomarker has to be robustly evaluated to determine affordability of implementation in clinical practice. This chapter will discuss the concept of biomarkers, the clinical utility of established biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, and the current status of novel cardiovascular biomarkers yet to transition into clinical practice. In addition, key statistical and clinical issues concerning the evaluation of biomarkers will be reviewed, including assessment of their incremental yield for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes.
| Item Type: | Book Sections |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Delles, Professor Christian and Currie, Dr Gemma |
| Authors: | Ravassa, S., Delles, C., Currie, G., and Díez, J. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health |
| Publisher: | Springer |
| ISBN: | 9783030164805 |
| Published Online: | 03 August 2019 |
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