Dewan, P. et al. (2020) The prevalence and importance of frailty in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction – an analysis of PARADIGM-HF and ATMOSPHERE. European Journal of Heart Failure, 22(11), pp. 2123-2133. (doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1832) (PMID:32353205)
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Abstract
Aims: Frailty, characterized by loss of homeostatic reserves and increased vulnerability to physiological decompensation, results from an aggregation of insults across multiple organ systems. Frailty can be quantified by counting the number of ‘health deficits’ across a range of domains. We assessed the frequency of, and outcomes related to, frailty in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and results: Using a cumulative deficits approach, we constructed a 42‐item frailty index (FI) and applied it to identify frail patients enrolled in two HFrEF trials (PARADIGM‐HF and ATMOSPHERE). In keeping with previous studies, patients with FI ≤0.210 were classified as non‐frail and those with higher scores were divided into two categories using score increments of 0.100. Clinical outcomes were examined, adjusting for prognostic variables. Among 13 625 participants, mean (± standard deviation) FI was 0.250 (0.10) and 8383 patients (63%) were frail (FI >0.210). The frailest patients were older and had more symptoms and signs of heart failure. Women were frailer than men. All outcomes were worse in the frailest, with high rates of all‐cause death or all‐cause hospitalization: 40.7 (39.1–42.4) vs. 22.1 (21.2–23.0) per 100 person‐years in the non‐frail; adjusted hazard ratio 1.63 (1.53–1.75) (P < 0.001). The rate of all‐cause hospitalizations, taking account of recurrences, was 61.5 (59.8–63.1) vs. 31.2 (30.3–32.2) per 100 person‐years (incidence rate ratio 1.76; 1.62–1.90; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Frailty is highly prevalent in HFrEF and associated with greater deterioration in quality of life and higher risk of hospitalization and death. Strategies to prevent and treat frailty are needed in HFrEF.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Dewan, Dr Pooja and Jhund, Professor Pardeep and Shen, Dr Li and Petrie, Professor Mark and McMurray, Professor John and Jackson, Dr Alice and Kober, Professor Lars |
| Authors: | Dewan, P., Jackson, A., Jhund, P. S., Shen, L., Ferreira, J. P., Petrie, M. C., Abraham, W. T., Desai, A. S., Dickstein, K., Køber, L., Packer, M., Rouleau, J. L., Solomon, S. D., Swedberg, K., Zile, M. R., and McMurray, J. J.V. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health |
| Journal Name: | European Journal of Heart Failure |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 1388-9842 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1879-0844 |
| Published Online: | 30 April 2020 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2020 The Authors. |
| First Published: | First published in European Journal of Heart Failure 22(11): 2123-2133 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons Licence |
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