Restriction of glucose and fructose causes mild oxidative stress independently of mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster

Rovenko, B. M., Kubrak, O. I., Gospodaryov, D. V., Yurkevych, I. S., Sanz, A., Lushchak, O. V. and Lushchak, V. I. (2015) Restriction of glucose and fructose causes mild oxidative stress independently of mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species in Drosophila melanogaster. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 187, pp. 27-39. (doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.04.012) (PMID:25941153)

Abstract

Our recent study showed different effects of glucose and fructose overconsumption on the development of obese phenotypes in Drosophila. Glucose induced glucose toxicity due to the increase in circulating glucose, whereas fructose was more prone to induce obesity promoting accumulation of reserve lipids and carbohydrates (Rovenko et al., Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 2015, 180, 75–85). Searching for mechanisms responsible for these phenotypes in this study, we analyzed mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial density, mtROS production, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense in fruit flies fed 0.25%, 4% and 10% glucose or fructose. It is shown that there is a complex interaction between dietary monosaccharide concentrations, mitochondrial activity and oxidative modifications to proteins and lipids. Glucose at high concentration (10%) reduced mitochondrial protein density and consequently respiration in flies, while fructose did not affect these parameters. The production of ROS by mitochondria did not reflect activities of mitochondrial complexes. Moreover, there was no clear connection between mtROS production and antioxidant defense or between antioxidant defense and developmental survival, shown in our previous study (Rovenko et al., Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 2015, 180, 75–85). Instead, mtROS and antioxidant machinery cooperated to maintain a redox state that determined survival rates, and paradoxically, pro-oxidant conditions facilitated larva survival independently of the type of carbohydrate. It seems that in this complex system glucose controls the amount of oxidative modification regulating mitochondrial activity, while fructose regulates steady-state mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: The work was partially supported by the FEBS Collaborative Experimental Scholarship for Central and Eastern Europe to B.R. (#261793). A.S. was supported by an ERC Starting Grant (#260632) and by the Academy of Finland as a Research Academy Fellow (#252048).
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Sanz Montero, Professor Alberto
• Authors: Rovenko, B. M., Kubrak, O. I., Gospodaryov, D. V., Yurkevych, I. S., Sanz, A., Lushchak, O. V., and Lushchak, V. I.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Molecular Biosciences
• Journal Name: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology
• Publisher: Elsevier
• ISSN: 1095-6433
• ISSN (Online): 1531-4332
• Published Online: 02 May 2015