Incidence of ischaemic heart disease and stroke among people with psychiatric disorders: retrospective cohort study

Jackson, C. A., Kerssens, J., Fleetwood, K., Smith, D. J. , Mercer, S. W. and Wild, S. H. (2020) Incidence of ischaemic heart disease and stroke among people with psychiatric disorders: retrospective cohort study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 217(2), pp. 442-449. (doi: 10.1192/bjp.2019.250) (PMID:31753047) (PMCID:PMC7511900)

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Abstract

Background: Psychiatric disorders are associated with increased risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, but it is not known whether the associations or the role of sociodemographic factors have changed over time. Aims: To investigate the association between psychiatric disorders and IHD and stroke, by time period and sociodemographic factors. Method: We used Scottish population-based records from 1991 to 2015 to create retrospective cohorts with a hospital record for psychiatric disorders of interest (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or depression) or no record of hospital admission for mental illness. We estimated incidence and relative risks of IHD and stroke in people with versus without psychiatric disorders by calendar year, age, gender and area-based deprivation level. Results: In all cohorts, incidence of IHD (645 393 events) and stroke (276 073 events) decreased over time, but relative risks decreased for depression only. In 2015, at the mean age at event onset, relative risks were 2- to 2.5-fold higher in people with versus without a psychiatric disorder. Age at incidence of outcome differed by cohort, gender and socioeconomic status. Relative but not absolute risks were generally higher in women than men. Increasing deprivation conveys a greater absolute risk of IHD for people with bipolar disorder or depression. Conclusions: Despite declines in absolute rates of IHD and stroke, relative risks remain high in those with versus without psychiatric disorders. Cardiovascular disease monitoring and prevention approaches may need to be tailored by psychiatric disorder and cardiovascular outcome, and be targeted, for example, by age and deprivation level.

Item Type:Articles
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Smith, Professor Daniel and Mercer, Professor Stewart
Authors: Jackson, C. A., Kerssens, J., Fleetwood, K., Smith, D. J., Mercer, S. W., and Wild, S. H.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > General Practice and Primary Care
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Mental Health and Wellbeing
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing
Journal Name:British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
ISSN:0007-1250
ISSN (Online):1472-1465
Published Online:22 November 2019
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2019 The Authors
First Published:First published in British Journal of Psychiatry 217(2): 442-449
Publisher Policy:Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy

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Project CodeAward NoProject NamePrincipal InvestigatorFunder's NameFunder RefLead Dept
302957Mental Health Data PathfinderDaniel SmithMedical Research Council (MRC)MC_PC_17217HW - Mental Health and Wellbeing