Bodaghi, M., Noroozi, R., Zolfagharian, A., Fotouhi, M. and Norouzi, S. (2019) 4D printing self-morphing structures. Materials, 12(8), 1353. (doi: 10.3390/ma12081353) (PMID:31027212) (PMCID:PMC6515691)
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Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to introduce complex structures with self-bending/morphing/rolling features fabricated by 4D printing technology, and replicate their thermo-mechanical behaviors using a simple computational tool. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is implemented to fabricate adaptive composite structures with performance-driven functionality built directly into materials. Structural primitives with self-bending 1D-to-2D features are first developed by functionally graded 4D printing. They are then employed as actuation elements to design complex structures that show 2D-to-3D shape-shifting by self-bending/morphing. The effects of printing speed on the self-bending/morphing characteristics are investigated in detail. Thermo-mechanical behaviors of the 4D-printed structures are simulated by introducing a straightforward method into the commercial finite element (FE) software package of Abaqus that is much simpler than writing a user-defined material subroutine or an in-house FE code. The high accuracy of the proposed method is verified by a comparison study with experiments and numerical results obtained from an in-house FE solution. Finally, the developed digital tool is implemented to engineer several practical self-morphing/rolling structures.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Fotouhi, Dr Mohammad |
| Creator Roles: | |
| Authors: | Bodaghi, M., Noroozi, R., Zolfagharian, A., Fotouhi, M., and Norouzi, S. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| College/School: | College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Autonomous Systems and Connectivity |
| Journal Name: | Materials |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| ISSN: | 1996-1944 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1996-1944 |
| Published Online: | 25 April 2019 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2019 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Materials 12(8): 1353 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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