Association of APOL1 renal disease risk alleles with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection outcomes in the northern part of Malawi

Kamoto, K. et al. (2019) Association of APOL1 renal disease risk alleles with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection outcomes in the northern part of Malawi. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 13(8), e0007603. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007603) (PMID:31412021) (PMCID:PMC6750591)

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Abstract

Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) rhodesiense is the cause of the acute form of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in eastern and southern African countries. There is some evidence that there is diversity in the disease progression of T.b. rhodesiense in different countries. HAT in Malawi is associated with a chronic haemo-lymphatic stage infection compared to other countries, such as Uganda, where the disease is acute with more marked neurological impairment. This has raised the question of the role of host genetic factors in infection outcomes. A candidate gene association study was conducted in the northern region of Malawi. This was a case-control study involving 202 subjects, 70 cases and 132 controls. All individuals were from one area; born in the area and had been exposed to the risk of infection since birth. Ninety-six markers were genotyped from 17 genes: IL10, IL8, IL4, HLA-G, TNFA, IL6, IFNG, MIF, APOL, HLA-A, IL1B, IL4R, IL12B, IL12R, HP, HPR, and CFH. There was a strong significant association with APOL1 G2 allele (p = 0.0000105, OR = 0.14, CI95 = [0.05–0.41], BONF = 0.00068) indicating that carriers of the G2 allele were protected against T.b. rhodesiense HAT. SNP rs2069845 in IL6 had raw p < 0.05, but did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction. There were no associations found with the other 15 candidate genes. Our finding confirms results from other studies that the G2 variant of APOL1 is associated with protection against T.b. rhodesiense HAT.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:Wellcome Trust funded this work (study number 099310/Z/12/Z) as part of the TrypanoGEN Consortium, members of H3Africa (099310). EM received the funding.
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:MacLeod, Professor Annette and Matovu, Dr Enock
Creator Roles:
MacLeod, A.Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Validation, Writing – review and editing
Matovu, E.Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision
Authors: Kamoto, K., Noyes, H., Nambala, P., Senga, E., Musaya-Mwalija, J., Kumwenda, B., Bucheton, B., Macleod, A., Herz-Fowler, C., Matovu, E., Chiwaya, A. M., and Chisi, J. E.
College/School:College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Life Sciences
College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine
Journal Name:PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Publisher:Public Library of Science
ISSN:1935-2727
ISSN (Online):1935-2735
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2019 Kamoto et al.
First Published:First published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13(8): e0007603
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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