Gras, S., Jimenez-Ruiz, E. , Klinger, C. M., Schneider, K., Klingl, A., Lemgruber, L. and Meissner, M. (2019) An endocytic-secretory cycle participates in Toxoplasma gondii in motility. PLoS Biology, 17(6), e3000060. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000060) (PMID:31233488) (PMCID:PMC6611640)
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Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites invade host cells in an active process involving their ability to move by gliding motility. While the acto-myosin system of the parasite plays a crucial role in the formation and release of attachment sites during this process, there are still open questions regarding the involvement of other mechanisms in parasite motility. In many eukaryotes, a secretory-endocytic cycle leads to the recycling of receptors (integrins), necessary to form attachment sites, regulation of surface area during motility, and generation of retrograde membrane flow. Here, we demonstrate that endocytosis operates during gliding motility in Toxoplasma gondii and appears to be crucial for the establishment of retrograde membrane flow, because inhibition of endocytosis blocks retrograde flow and motility. We demonstrate that extracellular parasites can efficiently incorporate exogenous material, such as labelled phospholipids, nanogold particles (NGPs), antibodies, and Concanavalin A (ConA). Using labelled phospholipids, we observed that the endocytic and secretory pathways of the parasite converge, and endocytosed lipids are subsequently secreted, demonstrating the operation of an endocytic-secretory cycle. Together our data consolidate previous findings, and we propose an additional model, working in parallel to the acto-myosin motor, that reconciles parasite motility with observations in other eukaryotes: an apicomplexan fountain-flow-model for parasite motility.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Klinger, Christen and Jimenez Ruiz, Dr Elena and Gras, Dr Simon and Meissner, Professor Markus and Lemgruber Soares, Dr Leandro |
| Creator Roles: | Gras, S.Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing Jimenez Ruiz, E.Formal analysis, Visualization Jimenez-Ruiz, E.Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing Klinger, C. M.Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review and editing Lemgruber, L.Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization Meissner, M.Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing |
| Authors: | Gras, S., Jimenez-Ruiz, E., Klinger, C. M., Schneider, K., Klingl, A., Lemgruber, L., and Meissner, M. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity |
| Journal Name: | PLoS Biology |
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
| ISSN: | 1544-9173 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1545-7885 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2019 Gras et al. |
| First Published: | First published in PLoS Biology 17(6): e3000060 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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