Liver and muscle glycogen oxidation and performance with dose variation of glucose-fructose ingestion during prolonged (3-h) exercise

King, A. J., O'Hara, J. P., Arjomandkhah, N. C., Rowe, J., Morrison, D. , Preston, T. and King, R. F.G.J. (2019) Liver and muscle glycogen oxidation and performance with dose variation of glucose-fructose ingestion during prolonged (3-h) exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 119(5), pp. 1157-1169. (doi: 10.1007/s00421-019-04106-9) (PMID:30840136)

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of small manipulations in carbohydrate (CHO) dose on exogenous and endogenous (liver and muscle) fuel selection during exercise. Method: Eleven trained males cycled in a double-blind randomised order on 4 occasions at 60% V˙O2max for 3 h, followed by a 30-min time-trial whilst ingesting either 80 g h−1 or 90 g h−1 or 100 g h−1 13C-glucose-13C-fructose [2:1] or placebo. CHO doses met, were marginally lower, or above previously reported intestinal saturation for glucose–fructose (90 g h−1). Indirect calorimetry and stable mass isotope [13C] techniques were utilised to determine fuel use. Result: Time-trial performance was 86.5 to 93%, ‘likely, probable’ improved with 90 g h−1 compared 80 and 100 g h−1. Exogenous CHO oxidation in the final hour was 9.8–10.0% higher with 100 g h−1 compared with 80 and 90 g h−1 (ES = 0.64–0.70, 95% CI 9.6, 1.4 to 17.7 and 8.2, 2.1 to 18.6). However, increasing CHO dose (100 g h−1) increased muscle glycogen use (101.6 ± 16.6 g, ES = 0.60, 16.1, 0.9 to 31.4) and its relative contribution to energy expenditure (5.6 ± 8.4%, ES = 0.72, 5.6, 1.5 to 9.8 g) compared with 90 g h−1. Absolute and relative muscle glycogen oxidation between 80 and 90 g h−1 were similar (ES = 0.23 and 0.38) though a small absolute (85.4 ± 29.3 g, 6.2, − 23.5 to 11.1) and relative (34.9 ± 9.1 g, − 3.5, − 9.6 to 2.6) reduction was seen in 90 g h−1 compared with 100 g h−1. Liver glycogen oxidation was not significantly different between conditions (ES < 0.42). Total fat oxidation during the 3-h ride was similar in CHO conditions (ES < 0.28) but suppressed compared with placebo (ES = 1.05–1.51). Conclusion: ‘Overdosing’ intestinal transport for glucose–fructose appears to increase muscle glycogen reliance and negatively impact subsequent TT performance.

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: Funding for the present work was provided internally by Leeds Beckett University.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Preston, Professor Tom and Morrison, Professor Douglas
• Authors: King, A. J., O'Hara, J. P., Arjomandkhah, N. C., Rowe, J., Morrison, D., Preston, T., and King, R. F.G.J.
• College/School: College of Science and Engineering > Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre
• Journal Name: European Journal of Applied Physiology
• Publisher: Springer
• ISSN: 1439-6319
• ISSN (Online): 1439-6327
• Published Online: 06 March 2019
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © The Authors 2019
• First Published: First published in European Journal of Applied Physiology 119(5):1157-1169
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons license