Saretzki, G. et al. (2008) Downregulation of multiple stress defense mechanisms during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells, 26(2), pp. 455-464. (doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0628)
Full text not currently available from Enlighten.
Abstract
Evolutionary theory predicts that cellular maintenance, stress defense, and DNA repair mechanisms should be most active in germ line cells, including embryonic stem cells that can differentiate into germ line cells, whereas it would be energetically unfavorable to keep these up in mortal somatic cells. We tested this hypothesis by examining telomere maintenance, oxidative stress generation, and genes involved in antioxidant defense and DNA repair during spontaneous differentiation of two human embryonic stem cell lines. Telomerase activity was quickly downregulated during differentiation, probably due to deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the hTERT promoter and deacetylation of histone H3 at hTR promoter. Telomere length decreased accordingly. Mitochondrial superoxide production and cellular levels of reactive oxygen species increased as result of increased mitochondrial biogenesis. The expression of major antioxidant genes was downregulated despite this increased oxidative stress. DNA damage levels increased during differentiation, whereas expression of genes involved in different types of DNA repair decreased. These results confirm earlier data obtained during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation and are in accordance with evolutionary predictions.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Hoare, Miss Stacey and Keith, Professor Nicol |
| Authors: | Saretzki, G., Walter, T., Atkinson, S., Passos, J., Bareth, B., Keith, W., Stewart, R., Hoare, S., Stojkovic, M., Armstrong, L., von Zglinicki, T., and Lako, M. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cancer Sciences |
| Journal Name: | Stem Cells |
| ISSN: | 1066-5099 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1549-4918 |
| Published Online: | 29 November 2007 |
University Staff: Request a correction | Enlighten Editors: Update this record
Altmetric
Altmetric