Abdullah, N. et al. (2018) Structure-guided identification of a non-human morbillivirus with zoonotic potential. Journal of Virology, 92(23), e01248-18. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01248-18) (PMID:30232185) (PMCID:PMC6232486)
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Abstract
Morbilliviruses infect a broad range of mammalian hosts including ruminants, carnivores and humans. The recent eradication of rinderpest virus (RPV), as well as active campaigns for the human-specific measles virus (MeV), have raised significant concerns that the remaining morbilliviruses may emerge in so-called vacated ecological niches. Seeking to assess the zoonotic-potential of non-human morbilliviruses within human populations we identified that peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) - the small ruminant morbillivirus - is restricted at the point of entry into human cells due to deficient interactions with human SLAMF1 – the immune cell receptor for morbilliviruses. Using a structure-guided approach, we characterised a single amino acid change, mapping to the receptor-binding domain in the PPRV Haemagglutinin (H) protein, which overcomes this restriction. The same mutation allowed escape from some cross-protective, human-patient, anti-MeV antibodies, raising concerns that PPRV is a pathogen with zoonotic potential. Analysis of natural variation within human and ovine SLAMF1 also identified polymorphisms that could correlate with disease resistance. Finally, the mechanistic nature of the PPRV restriction was also investigated, identifying charge incompatibility and steric hindrance between PPRV H and human SLAMF1 proteins. Importantly, this research was performed entirely using surrogate virus entry assays, negating the requirement for in situ derivation of a human-tropic PPRV and illustrating alternative strategies for identifying gain-of-function mutations in viral pathogens.
| Item Type: | Articles |
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| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Hosie, Professor Margaret and Willett, Professor Brian and Logan, Miss Nicola |
| Authors: | Abdullah, N., Kelly, J. T., Graham, S. C., Birch, J., Gonçalves-Carneiro, D., Mitchell, T., Thompson, R. N., Lythgoe, K. A., Logan, N., Hosie, M. J., Bavro, V. N., Willett, B. J., Heaton, M. P., and Bailey, D. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Infection & Immunity > Centre for Virus Research |
| Journal Name: | Journal of Virology |
| Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
| ISSN: | 0022-538X |
| ISSN (Online): | 1098-5514 |
| Published Online: | 19 September 2018 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2018 The Authors |
| First Published: | First published in Journal of Virology 92(23): e01248-18 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced under a Creative Commons License |
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