Sex differences in adenosine-free coronary pressure indexes: a CONTRAST substudy

Shah, S. V. et al. (2018) Sex differences in adenosine-free coronary pressure indexes: a CONTRAST substudy. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions, 11(15), pp. 1454-1463. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2018.03.030) (PMID:30031722)

Abstract

Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate sex differences in adenosine-free coronary pressure indexes. Background: Several adenosine-free coronary pressure wire indexes have been proposed to assess the functional significance of coronary artery lesions; however, there is a theoretical concern that sex differences may affect diagnostic performance because of differences in resting flow and distal myocardial mass. Methods: In this CONTRAST (Can Contrast Injection Better Approximate FFR Compared to Pure Resting Physiology?) substudy, contrast fractional flow reserve (cFFR), obtained during contrast-induced submaximal hyperemia, the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), and distal/proximal coronary pressure ratio (Pd/Pa) were compared with fractional flow reserve (FFR) in 547 men and 216 women. Using FFR ≤0.8 as a reference, the diagnostic performance of each index was compared. Results: Men and women had similar diameter stenosis (p = 0.78), but women were less likely to have FFR ≤0.80 than men (42.5% vs. 51.5%, p = 0.04). Sensitivity was similar among cFFR, iFR, and Pd/Pa when comparing women and men, respectively (cFFR, 77.5% vs. 75.3%; p = 0.69; iFR, 84.9% vs. 79.4%; p = 0.30; Pd/Pa, 78.8% vs. 77.3%; p = 0.78). cFFR was more specific than iFR or Pd/Pa regardless of sex (cFFR, 94.3% vs. 95.8%; p = 0.56; iFR, 75.6% vs. 80.1%; p = 0.38; Pd/Pa, 80.6% vs. 78.7%; p = 0.69). By receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, cFFR provided better diagnostic accuracy than resting indexes irrespective of sex (p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusions: Despite the theoretical concern, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of cFFR, iFR, and Pd/Pa did not differ between the sexes. Irrespective of sex, cFFR provides the best diagnostic performance.

• Item Type: Articles
• Keywords: Contrast fractional flow reserve, fractional flow reserve, sex differences.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Berry, Professor Colin and Oldroyd, Dr Keith
• Authors: Shah, S. V., Zimmermann, F. M., Johnson, N. P., Nishi, T., Kobayashi, Y., Witt, N., Berry, C., Jeremias, A., Koo, B.-K., Esposito, G., Rioufol, G., Park, S.-J., Oldroyd, K. G., Barbato, E., Pijls, N. H.J., De Bruyne, B., and Fearon, W. F.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health
• Journal Name: JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
• Publisher: Elsevier
• ISSN: 1936-8798
• ISSN (Online): 1876-7605
• Published Online: 18 July 2018