Apatzidou, D. A., Iskas, A., Konstantinidis, A., Alghamdi, A. M., Tumelty, M., Lappin, D. F. and Nile, C. J. (2018) Clinical associations between acetylcholine levels and cholinesterase activity in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal diseases. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 45(10), pp. 1173-1183. (doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12989) (PMID:30022504)
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Abstract
Aim: The oral mucosa possesses a non‐neuronal cholinergic system. This study aimed to determine clinical evidence for a role of cholinergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: Fifty healthy participants, 52 patients with gingivitis and 49 with periodontitis were recruited. Full periodontal parameters were recorded and saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected. Levels of acetylcholine and inflammatory mediators were quantified using commercially available assay kits. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity were measured using a published biochemical assay. Results: Acetylcholine levels are significantly elevated in saliva and GCF, whereas GCF levels of butyrylcholinesterase activity are significantly decreased, in patients with periodontal diseases. Acetylcholine levels in saliva and GCF correlated positively with clinical markers of disease severity and with increased levels of IL‐17A and IL‐17F. In contrast, butyrylcholinesterase activity levels in GCF showed significant negative correlations with clinical markers of disease severity and IL‐17A and IL‐17F levels. None of the findings were due to smoking. Conclusions: Elevated acetylcholine levels and reduced butyrylcholinesterase activity are clinically associated with periodontal diseases and elevated levels of IL‐17A and IL‐17F. Therefore, non‐neuronal cholinergic mechanisms may influence IL‐17 biology and the aetiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases and therefore are possible therapeutic targets.
| Item Type: | Articles |
|---|---|
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: | Alghamdi, Abeer Muhammad A and Lappin, Dr David and Tumelty, Dr Maria and Nile, Dr Christopher |
| Authors: | Apatzidou, D. A., Iskas, A., Konstantinidis, A., Alghamdi, A. M., Tumelty, M., Lappin, D. F., and Nile, C. J. |
| College/School: | College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing > Dental School |
| Journal Name: | Journal of Clinical Periodontology |
| Publisher: | Wiley |
| ISSN: | 0303-6979 |
| ISSN (Online): | 1600-051X |
| Published Online: | 19 July 2018 |
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © 2018 John Wiley and Sons A/S |
| First Published: | First published in Journal of Clinical Periodontology 45(10): 1173-1183 |
| Publisher Policy: | Reproduced in accordance with the publisher copyright policy |
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