Calcium Sulphate/Hydroxyapatite carrier for bone formation in the femoral neck of osteoporotic rats

Širka, A., Raina, D. B., Isaksson, H., Tanner, K. E. , Smailys, A., Kumar, A., Tarasevičius, Š., Tägil, M. and Lidgren, L. (2018) Calcium Sulphate/Hydroxyapatite carrier for bone formation in the femoral neck of osteoporotic rats. Tissue Engineering Part A, 24(23-24), pp. 1753-1764. (doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2018.0075) (PMID:29855219) (PMCID:PMC6302674)

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Abstract

This study investigated bone regeneration in the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic rats using a novel animal model. A calcium sulphate (CS)/hydroxyapatite (HA) carrier was used to deliver a bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid (ZA), locally, with or without added recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Twenty-eight-week-old ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats were used. A 1 mm diameter and 8 mm long defect was created in the femoral neck by drilling from the lateral cortex in the axis of the femoral neck, leaving the surrounding cortex intact. Three treatment groups and one control group were used: (1) CS/HA alone, (2) CS/HA + ZA (10 μg) (3) CS/HA + ZA (10 μg) + rhBMP-2 (4 μg), and (4) empty defect (control). The bone formation was assessed at 4 weeks post surgery using in vivo micro computed tomography (micro-CT). At 8 weeks post surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and both defect and contralateral femurs were subjected to micro-CT, mechanical testing, and histology. Micro-CT results showed that the combination of CS/HA with ZA or ZA + rhBMP-2 increased the bone formation in the defect when compared to the other groups and to the contralateral hips. Evidence of new dense bone formation in CS/HA + ZA and CS/HA + ZA + rhBMP-2 groups was seen histologically. Mechanical testing results showed no differences in the load to fracture between the treatments in either of the treated or contralateral legs. The CS/HA biomaterial can be used as a carrier for ZA and rhBMP-2 to regenerate bone in the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic rats.

Item Type:Articles
Additional Information:The authors would like to thank the Swedish Research Council (VR, Grant number: 2015- 06717), VINNOVA, the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems (Grant number: 2017- 00269) and Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/IN/Sweden/08/AK/2017-18), for providing for the funding to conduct this study.
Keywords:Osteoporosis, bisphosphonates, bone morphogenic protein-2, bone regeneration, femoral neck, ceramics
Status:Published
Refereed:Yes
Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID:Tanner, Professor Kathleen
Authors: Širka, A., Raina, D. B., Isaksson, H., Tanner, K. E., Smailys, A., Kumar, A., Tarasevičius, Š., Tägil, M., and Lidgren, L.
Subjects:R Medicine > RD Surgery
College/School:College of Science and Engineering > School of Engineering > Biomedical Engineering
Research Group:Biomaterials
Journal Name:Tissue Engineering Part A
Publisher:Mary Ann Liebert
ISSN:1937-3341
ISSN (Online):1937-335X
Published Online:16 July 2018
Copyright Holders:Copyright © 2018 Aurimas Širka et al.
First Published:First published in Tissue Engineering Part A 24(23-24):1753-1764
Publisher Policy:Reproduced under a Creative Commons License

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