Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure

Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G. and Clark, A. L. (2012) Abnormalities of the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide in patients with chronic heart failure. Pulmonary Medicine, 2012, 589164. (doi: 10.1155/2012/589164) (PMID:22619715) (PMCID:PMC3350981)

Abstract

Introduction. The relation between minute ventilation (VE) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) can be characterised by the instantaneous ratio of ventilation to carbon dioxide production, the ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VEqCO2). We hypothesised that the time taken to achieve the lowest VEqCO2 (time to VEqCO2 nadir) may be a prognostic marker in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods. Patients and healthy controls underwent a symptom-limited, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill to volitional exhaustion. Results. 423 patients with CHF (mean age years; 80% males) and 78 healthy controls (62% males; age years) were recruited. Time to VEqCO2 nadir was shorter in patients than controls ( s versus  s; ). Univariable predictors of all-cause mortality included peak oxygen uptake (), VEqCO2 nadir (), and time to VEqCO2 nadir (). In an adjusted Cox multivariable proportional hazards model, peak oxygen uptake () and VEqCO2 nadir () were the most significant independent predictors of all-cause mortality. Conclusion. The time to VEqCO2 nadir was shorter in patients with CHF than in normal subjects and was a predictor of subsequent mortality.

• Item Type: Articles
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Cleland, Professor John
• Authors: Ingle, L., Sloan, R., Carroll, S., Goode, K., Cleland, J. G., and Clark, A. L.
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Health & Wellbeing > Robertson Centre
• Journal Name: Pulmonary Medicine
• Publisher: Hindawi
• ISSN: 2090-1836
• ISSN (Online): 2090-1844
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2012 Lee Ingle et al.
• First Published: First published in Pulmonary Medicine 2012: 589164
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced under a Creative Commons License