Attention and memory play different roles in syntactic choice during sentence production

Myachykov, A., Garrod, S. and Scheepers, C. (2018) Attention and memory play different roles in syntactic choice during sentence production. Discourse Processes, 55(2), pp. 218-229. (doi: 10.1080/0163853X.2017.1330044)

Abstract

Attentional control of referential information is an important contributor to the structure of discourse (Sanford, 2001; Sanford & Garrod, 1981). We investigated how attention and memory interplay during visually situated sentence production. We manipulated speakers’ attention to the agent or the patient of a described event by means of a referential or a dot visual cue (Posner, 1980). We also manipulated whether the cue was implicit or explicit by varying its duration (70 ms versus 700 ms). Participants used passive voice more often when their attention was directed to the patient’s location, regardless of whether the cue duration. This effect was stronger when the cue was explicit rather than implicit, especially for passive-voice sentences. Analysis of sentence onset latencies showed a divergent pattern: Latencies were shorter (1) when the agent was cued, (2) when the cue was explicit and (3) when the (explicit) cue was referential; (1) and (2) indicate facilitated sentence planning when the cue supports a canonical (active voice) sentence frame and when speakers had more time to plan their sentences; (3) suggests that sentence planning was sensitive to whether the cue was informative with regard to the cued referent. We propose that differences between production likelihoods and production latencies indicate distinct contributions from attentional focus and memorial activation to sentence planning: While the former partly predicts syntactic choice, the latter facilitates syntactic assembly (i.e., initiating overt sentence generation).

• Item Type: Articles
• Additional Information: This work has been supported by the Russian Academic Excellence Project '5-100'.
• Status: Published
• Refereed: Yes
• Glasgow Author(s) Enlighten ID: Scheepers, Dr Christoph and Garrod, Professor Simon and Myachykov, Dr Andriy
• Authors: Myachykov, A., Garrod, S., and Scheepers, C.
• Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology; P Language and Literature > P Philology. Linguistics
• College/School: College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences > School of Psychology & Neuroscience
• Journal Name: Discourse Processes
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis
• ISSN: 0163-853X
• ISSN (Online): 1532-6950
• Published Online: 12 July 2017
• Copyright Holders: Copyright © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
• First Published: First published in Discourse Processes 55(2):218-229
• Publisher Policy: Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher